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The permeability of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextrans (FITC-dextrans) with different molecular weights through the pig and human cadaver skins were measured using Franz diffusion cell. (1999). After 24h the micropores were either closed or reduced further to smaller sizes, 37.5020.41, 50.5718.07, and 58.5814.99m, for 2, 5, and 10 times microporation, respectively. Gums and stabilisers for the Food Industry, 5, 447-450. The hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of individual samples of dextran, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and polyoxyethylene over a range of molecular weights (1,500 a-d Haematoxylin/eosin-stained histological sections of human cadaver skin sample and e quantified data using ImageJ for different time periods after microporation. Fusco V, Quero GM, Cho GS, Kabisch J, Meske D, Neve H, Bockelmann W, Franz CM. 2012;87(6):1728. Accessibility pp13-21. Molecular Weight Distributions of Water-Soluble Polymers by Flow Field-Flow Fractionation. All authors have consented to the submission of this manuscript for publication. At 25C both values of a and kM-H are within the range reported by [3, 8, 16]. @ Nilimesh See attached. These results indicate that healing and regeneration occurred in the human cadaver skin after the microporation. Stenekes, R.J.H. Polymers | Free Full-Text | Confinement-Induced Fractionation and At 20C data "a" value obtained in this work is intermediate to those given by references [1, 37] while the value of kM-H is lower. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. a Immediately after microporation, b 4h, c 8h, and d 24h (n=5, *: p<0.05). Jeanes, A.; Haynes, W.C.; C. Wilham, A.; Rankin, J.C; Melvin, E.H.; Austin, M. J.; Cluskey, J. E.; Fisher, B.E. The Transdermal diffusion cell system was protected from light. The fact that the intrinsic viscosity of a given polymer sample is different according to the solvent used gives and insight about the general shape of polymer molecules in solution. Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. "Dextrans in Aqueous Solution. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, 68, 319-329. Carbohydrate Polymers 87, 405-410. Determination of constants, kM-H and a, from the intrinsic viscosity data, requires a series of monodisperse polymer samples with known molecular weight or a series of polydisperse polymer samples with known viscosity average molecular weights, Mv. Schematic illustration of transdermal delivery after the application of the microporation device. On the molecular weight distribution of dextran T-500. Epub 2012 Oct 18. Vemulapalli V, Bai Y, Kalluri H, Herwadkar A, Kim H, Davis SP, Friden PM, Banga AK. Trop J Pharm Res. (2006). However, in vitro investigations are very few. WebAccording to the above theoretical analysis for the micro-roughness contact model, the relationship between the hydrodynamic pressure (HP) and the contact pressure (CP) is shown in Fig. (1954). Polymolecularity and polydispersity in Molecular weight determinations. Curley SA. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Polyelectrolytes as secondary calibration standards for aqueous SEC. In addition, the permeation rate was higher in pig skin than in human skin. The equation 4 can be rearranged and resulted in a modified M-H equation as follows: where the value qM-H is the polydispersity correction factor, and it is a statistical function of the molecular weight distribution. The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their The reason for a nonlinear Mark-Houwink relationship is confirmed by the intrinsic viscosity which in contrast with scaling prediction shows no power law behavior. 2013 May;64(3):346-54. doi: 10.3109/09637486.2012.734289. Charge: Anionic. Levin G, Gershonowitz A, Sacks H, Stern M, Sherman A, Rudaev S, Zivin I, Phillip M. Transdermal delivery of human growth hormone through RF-microchannels. 2023 Feb 17;12(4):861. doi: 10.3390/foods12040861. 24h after microporation, the pore sizes reduced from 64.8817.20m (0h) to 48.854.27m (24h), and the pore depths reduced from 83.9120.56m (0h) to 63.9527.61m (24h). Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter ( dh ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. Learn More. Transdermal drug delivery: overcoming the skins barrier function. Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC), a common phenomenon that can produce local excessive temperature, high pressure and large amount of energy. Table 1 shows some values of dextrans Mark-Houwink parameters, from literature consulted, where all data are based on the logarithmic plot of intrinsic viscosity [] and molecular weight Mw. SEC of mono-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a wide range of pH, MarkHouwink constants. The proportionality between []0 and M0.5 is obtained as a limiting law for the no draining regime. Fluorescent and Biotinylated DextransSection 14.5 The polymer molecule assumes a tighter configuration, and the solution has a lower intrinsic viscosity. J. The skin poration was performed using the microporation device (LG electronics, Korea). 2016;47:15964. Google Scholar. Proc of SPIE. All branched polysaccharide types could be described approximately by the hyperbranching theory. ; Talsma, H.; Hennink, W.E. J Cosmet Laser Ther. Static and Dynamic Light-Scattering Solution Behavior of Pullulan and Dextran in Comparison. Macromolecules, 29, 2265-2268. Bose, A.; Rollings, J. E.; Caruthers, J. M.; Okos, M. R.; Tsao, T. G. (1982). In our present study, microporated skin permeated insufficient amount of 20K FITC-dextran, suggesting that enhancement of permeability was unsuccessful with macromolecules of more than 20KM.W.. 2. Dextran theta temperature between 43.14 and 44.44C for all the range of molecular weights explains the deviation at 45 and 50C [36, 37]. Seven dextrans, provided by Sigma, with molecular weight of 8.8, 40, 71.9, 110, 200, 580 and 2000 kDa. Biodegradable dextran hydrogels crosslinked by stereocomplex formation for the controlled release of pharmaceutical proteins. Exp Cell Res. Macromolecules, 33, 5730-5739. Synthesis of dextran by dextransucrase treated, sucrose-supplemented skimmed milk revealed the promising potential of dextran as a food additive. In order to confirm the molecular weight the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for standard dextrans is used in a range of molecular weights from 8.8 to 2000kDa and these correspond to the following equation. Many works are aimed at determining molecular weights [1, 7, 26], hydrodynamic radius, among other parameters for characterizing the physics and chemistry properties of dextran in solution. WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich Experimental Review on Intrinsic Viscosity Measurements and Temperature Effect. WebFluorescent and biotinylated dextrans are routinely employed to trace neuronal projections. This method utilizes promising strategies that have made a significant impact in transdermal delivery [6], they include: iontophoresis, microneedles, sonophoresis, radiofrequency (RF), and chemical enhancers [7,8,9,10,11]. Bahary, W. S.; Hogan, M. P.; Jilani, M.; Aronson, M. P. (1995). ; van Nostrum, C.F. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. WebIn this work, hydrodynamic properties are investigated in different dextran aqueous solutions with different molecular weights (8.8-2000kDa), in a temperature range from 20C to 50C. As intrinsic viscosity of dextrans decreases with an increase in solution temperature; chain flexibility enhances with an increase in temperature (see Table 4) showing that the intrinsic viscosity of dextran (with different molecular weights Mw from 8.8 to 200kDa) decreases linearly with an temperature increase in solution, but change to high molecular weight to hyperbranched macromolecule. II. WebAmines per 70KDa dextran Theeffectofchargerepulsiononthe hydrodynamicradiuscanbeseenwithRh increaseswithchargedensity.Charge repulsioncausesthehydrodynamicradius toincrease.Withincreasingcharge,the dextranprogressivelyunfolded.Evena lowlevelofaminationcausesthepolymer tounfold. For rigid macromolecules, it is also conventional to combine a solution property with the volume of the particle itself, or with a quantity directly derived from it [54, 55, 56]. B 113, 8020-8025. Equivalent Radii and Ratios of Radii from Solution Properties as Indicators of Macromolecular Conformation, Shape, and Flexibility. The hydrodynamic radius of 2-NBDG glucose was too small to measure. 2019;9(3-S):9726. Figure 2 shows the classical method for calculating Mark-Houwink parameters, where a linear relation between the intrinsic viscosity and the molecular weight is established for each temperature. dextran Hi Sir Alexander Malm , Thank you very much! Really appreciate your help! Human cadaver skins (fresh human full-thickness skin disc, 12~20mm) were supplied by Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Fluorescent dextran ; Wood, P.J. The relation between Mw and the intrinsic viscosity is given by Mark-Houwink equation. Hydrodynamic radii ( RH) were determined by dynamic light scattering. The basic setup of a DLS instrument is shown in Figure 1.

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