Collecting drinking water in low and middle income countries can cause serious injury, particularly for women, according to new research from the University of East Anglia. Afghanistan; Burkina Faso; Burundi; Central African Republic; Chad; Congo, Dem. IMF Members' Quotas and Voting Power, and Board of Governors, IMF Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, IMF Capacity Development Office in Thailand (CDOT), IMF Regional Office in Central America, Panama, and the Dominican Republic, Financial Sector Assessment Program (FSAP), Currency Composition of Official Foreign Exchange Reserves, Policy Tracker: Economic Responses to COVID-19, IMF Executive Board Completes Fifth Review Under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement for the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, Approves Augmentation and US$52 Million Disbursement (September 2, 2020), IMF Executive Board Approves an Additional US$171.9 Million Disbursement Under the RCF to Madagascar to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic (July 30, 2020), IMF Executive Board Approves a US$363.6 Million Disbursement to Papua New Guinea to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic (June 9, 2020), IMF Executive Board Approves US$143 Million Disbursement to Sierra Leone to Address the COVID-19 Pandemic (June 3, 2020), Socio-Economic Spillovers from Special Economic Zones: Evidence from Cambodia (August 21, 2020), A Framework for Estimating Health Spending in Response to COVID-19 (July 24, 2020), Do Monetary Policy Frameworks Matter in Low Income Countries? These counties receive development aid, which is financial aid given by governments or agencies to boost and support the economic, political, social, and environmental development in other countries. A high proportion of their debt is in foreign currency and their economies are small and vulnerable to changes in the prices of commodities or in global financial markets, including the availability and cost of borrowing. For example, the data shows that while more than 6 in 10 of the world's population lived in low-income countries in the 1990s, today it has fallen to around 1 in 10. Low-income countries worldwide Low-income countries are defined as those with per gross national incomes (GNI) per capita of less than 996 U.S. dollars. The classifications are updated each year on July 1 and are based on GNI per capita in current USD (using the Atlas method exchange rates) of the previous year (i.e. Issues related to poor economic health include below-average life expectancy, high infant mortality rates, poor educational outcomes, degrading infrastructure, environmental and climate conditions, and poor health outcomes. COVID-19 has upended education in the US and around the world. The classifications are updated each year on July 1 and are based on GNI per capita in current USD (using the Atlas method exchange rates) of the previous year (i.e. This seminar series provides a forum for leading experts to share latest insights on key policy issues related to public infrastructure. The Gini coefficient is a number between 0 and 1, where 0 corresponds with perfect equality (where everyone has the same income) and 1 corresponds with perfect inequality (where one person has all the income—and everyone else has no income). As large countries, such as India and China, have transitioned from low income countries to middle income countries, the population shares have shifted dramatically. These risks are even higher in low-income countries where education is already denied many because of income, gender, caste and other factors. Low income. to member countries facing the economic impact of the COVID-19 They are highly vulnerable to … Over the past two decades, global poverty levels fell dramatically as these countries ramped up their participation in international markets. A flagship seminar at the Fund, the Developing Economies Seminar Series focuses on topical policy issues for developing countries and is a platform for economists to discuss and share their knowledge, with a strong policy angle. (May 18, 2020), The African Continental Free Trade Area: Potential Economic Impact and Challenges (May 13, 2020), IMF Managing Director's Statement to the Development Committee, April 2020, Catastrophe Containment And Relief Trust—Approval Of Grant Assistance For Debt Service Relief (April 15, 2020), The IMF has partnered with the UK's Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), Speech on the Global and Asia Economic Outlook (July 10, 2020), Restoring Sustainable Flows of Capital and Robust Financing for Development (July 8, 2020), A Joint Response for Latin America and the Caribbean to Counter the COVID-19 Crisis (June 24, 2020), Opening Remarks at UN Event on Financing for Development in the Era of COVID-19 (May 28, 2020), UN Conference on Financing SDG Implementation: The Role of Integrated National Financing Frameworks (May 28, 2020), How Strong Infrastructure Governance Can End Waste in Public Investment (September 3, 2020), Healing the Fractures of the Global Economy (September 1, 2020), COVID-19: Without Help, Low-Income Developing Countries Risk a Lost Decade (August 27, 2020), Impact of Conflict and Political Instability on Banking Crises in Developing Economies (July 29, 2020), Bridging the Digital Divide to Scale Up the COVID-19 Recovery (November 5, 2020), IMF and the Sustainable Development Goals, Poverty Reduction Strategy in IMF-supported Programs, Debt Relief Under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries, Understanding Debt: A Better Tool for Low-Income Countries. 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