We have seen in earlier lessons that Sanskrit being an attribute based language, we can also combine multiple attributes to create more complex attributes. See how easily the meaning of a dhatu can be enhanced to include additional information by adding upasarga prefixes to it. So in Sanskrit, in this sentence, Einstein becomes Einsteinam, while Bohr becomes Bohraha. It is an amazing language and a lot of ancient knowledge and history is hidden in those Sanskrit texts. Hence, the only dictionary ever required in Sanskrit is this list of Dhatus and their meanings. I wish you’d write a book, your style of teaching is COMPLETELY my style of learning! There are three types of pratyaya to create name related words in Sanskrit. awasthinitya2k9 awasthinitya2k9 Answer: I hope it helps you ☺️☺️. संस्कृत वर्णमाला : Sanskrit Alphabet संस्कृत वर्णमाला में 13 स्वर, 33 व्यंजन और 4 आयोगवाह ऐसे कुल मिलाकर के 50 वर्ण हैं । स्वर को ‘अच्’ और ब्यंजन को ‘हल्’ कहते हैं । You may have realized by now that the beauty of Sanskrit grammar lies in the fact that a single dhatu root verb can be used to create another word that gives all information about the entity and context it represents like gender, case, number, tense, mood, person and what not. Fixed it. i have saved your initial sanskrit lessons which in fact inspired me. Three of them can be suffixed to a dhatu to create a name related word. Sanskrit does not have a script of its own either. Each of them has many forms. There are 3 lakara for past tense, 2 for future and 1 for present. The tense lakaras indicate when the action happened, like past tense, present tense and future tense. The English alphabet has its roots in Latin script and has 26 letters from A to Z of which A,E,I,O,U are vowels and remaining consonants. Vachana adds grammatical number to a dhatu, indicating how many. They are singular, dual and plural. Gurudev is the developer of Gurunudi AI Platform. Einstein is the performer of the action “to discover” and Relativity is the target of the action, “the one that was discovered”. They are masculine, feminine and neutral genders. Man translation in English-Sanskrit dictionary. In this sentence, Einstein has a different vibhakti, he is the receiver of the action “to congratulate”. Some words can get so complex that, in languages like English one would require an entire sentence, or sometimes an entire paragraph to represent those words. Then we can also prefix upasarga to add further directional information. Never have I seen this kind of approach anywhere. A foundation or supporting surface formed of a fluid. The table also has the meanings listed for each Sanskrit dhatu. By understanding the rules of Sanskrit grammar, one can easily comprehend the meaning of Sanskrit words by looking at their dhatu roots. Good to know that you are interested in learning Sanskrit. Amazing work! So when we added a prefix or suffix to a Dhatu, we will be adding additional details to the meaning of that Dhatu. Panini’s wonderful book on Sanskrit grammar Ashtadhyayi – mentions a list of 20 upasargas of Sanskrit. For eg- In Gacha Dhatu- Gachasi is used for 1 person(you), Gachathaha( for 2 persons(you two) and gachanti for 3 or more(you all) Sanskrit sentence- Twam(you) Gachasi(is going).- ek vachan Yuvam(you two ) Gachathaha(are going).- dvi vachan 3 purush are there in sanskrit Ask Login. Obviously, the longest word ever used in literature would be a Sanskrit word. Prefixing this upasarga to the dhatu gam would make it, In devanagari script it is निर् + गम् = निर्गम्. nadyou means two rivers. Quite informative. Using the attributes of Earth one can call it with numerous names like bhumi, prithvi, mahi, vasudha, ila, dharani, kshiti, ida, etc. It can also mean go, depart, etc. But in Sanskrit since the role is suffixed to the noun, interchanging the words does not alter the meaning of the sentence. Sanskrit (/ ˈ s æ n s k r ɪ t /, attributively संस्कृत-, saṃskṛta-, nominally संस्कृतम्, saṃskṛtam) is a classical language of South Asia belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. There are 3 lakara for past tense, 2 for future and 1 for past. Since we have 10 lakaara, 3 vachana and 3 purusha in Sanskrit, there is a simple 10 x 3 x 3 table that can be used to list out the rules of creating new action related words for different combinations of tense, mood, number and person of a given dhatu. This is a complete list of all Sanskrit Dhatu or Root words. It can also mean, arrive, come, etc. – Natural Prakrit vs Refined Sanskrit, Sanskrit Lesson 3 – Sanskrit Alphabet and Devanagari Script, The difference between Itihasa and Puranas, Online Education should be interactive and innovative – Fun to Learn, The Complete List of Dhatus – Sanskrit Root Words and their English meaning, So Gaya Ye Jahan – Tezaab – Piano Notations, Background Theme (BGM) – Mouna Ragam – Piano Notations, Dil Kya Kare Jab Kisi Se – Julie – Piano Notations, Albela Sajan Aayo Re – Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam – Piano Notations, Chinni Chinni Aasa Chinnadaani Asa – Roja – Piano Notations, Sanskrit Lesson 1 – Secret Science behind the Sacred Sanskrit, to lengthen, to stretch, to make straight, to protect, to move, to be lovely, to please, to satisfy, to know, to enter, to hear, to own, to beg, to act, to desire, to shine, to obtain, to embrace, to kill, to take, to be, to grow, to bind, to attract, to catch, to imprison, to wear, to form, to compose, to fix on, to bear fruit, to break, to split, to interrupt, to frustrate, to disappoint, to fear, to be afraid of, to be anxious about, to break, to cut asunder, to transgress, to divide, to open, to cause to expand, to change, to perplex, to distinguish, to disturb, to betray, to set at variance, to bear, to support, to nourish, to protect, to produce, to bestow, to hire, to throw, to instigate, to go, to split, to grow, to know, to understand, to awake, to be restored to one’s senses, to paint, to make variegated, to see or regard anything as wonderful, to pulverize, to crush, to drive, to contract, to be quiet, to restrain, to tame, to subdue, to hold, to put, to maintain, to give, to grant, to bear, to assume, to have, to kindle, to be harassed or weary, to live, to be bold, confident, impudent or impatient, to heat, to fumigate, to perfume, to be heated, to be glad or pleased, to gladden, to please, drohitavya, drogdhum or droḍhum or drohitum, to grow: to increase, to prosper, to extend, to swell, to rise, to set out for, to dive, to seek, to compile, to string together, to stay, to grind, to pound, to strike, to rub, to brush, to polish, to abandon, to leave, to desert, to omit, to neglect, to laugh, to smile, to joke, to open, to resemble, to ridicule, to leap, to be wicked, to treat with violence, to rejoice, to exult, to stand erect as hair, to move, to shake, to be confused, to be afflicted, to vie with, to challenge, to call, to ask, to invoke, to go, to pervade, to conceive, to desire, to throw, to eat, to endeavour, to obtain, to aim at, to wish, to have superhuman faculties, to be powerful, to speak, to prattle, to babble, to murmur, to chatter, to praise, to know, to cause to know, to see, to please, to become matted together , to become confused or entangled, to grow old, to decay, to perish, to be digested, to go, to count, to hold, to know, to regard, to drag on the days of life, to live in distress, to draw out, to extract, to tear, to expel, to get, to obtain, to take, to have to find, to be able, to know, to adhere to, to become united, to come in contact, to happen, to approach, to touch, to produce an effect, to sound, to delay, to fall, to hang down, to exercise an art, to do anything scientifically, to be a child, to act or talk like a child, to cry, to adhere to, to be absorbed, to be dissolved, to hide in, to rest on, to disappear, to write, to scratch, to draw, to touch, to peck, to anoint, to besmear, to cover, to spread over, to stain, to pollute, to injure, to be strong, to take, to dwell, to speak, to shine, to churn, to shake, to destroy, to afflict, to be united with, to meet, to join, to clash, to happen, to close the eyes, to twinkle, to fade, to disappear, to be sad, to become weary, to fade, to be emaciated, to study, to repeat, to remember, to think, to seek, to examine, to investigate, to beg, to cleanse, to wipe off, to adorn, to sharpen, to loose sense, to faint, to be bewildered, to err, to be foolish, to faint, to increase, to grow, to become strong, to take effect on, to disappear, to perish, to run away, to be unsucessful, to be master of, to rule, to possess, to be fit for, to declare, to mention, to cite, to study, to read, to recite, to resolve upon, to strive diligently for, to bear fruit, to result, to succeed, to be useful or fruitful, to afflict, to harass, to annoy, to squeeze, to press, to oppose, to give pain, to go, to jump, to fly, to float, to swim, to cut, to wash in water impregnated with alkaline salt, to become famous, to increase, to spread abroad, to arise, to appear, to please, to be satisfied, to feel affection for, to be equal to, to be a match for, to be complete, to collect, to gather, to heap up, to assemble, to increase, to crash, to pain, to punish, to fill, to satisfy, to be full, to be satisfied, to honour, to dishonour, to respect, to disrespect, to be coloured, to redden, to dye, to be attached to, to be excited, to be pleased with, to sport, to rest, to be pleased, to rejoice at, to have sexual intercourse with, to roar, to cry, to make noise, to praise, to roar, to yell, to proclaim aloud, to shout, to utter an inarticulate sound, to neigh, to roar, to boast, to speak, to fight, to censure, to kill, to give, to shine, to please, to like, to appear good, to desire, to love, to comply with, to obey, to grow from seed, to become manifest, to grow, to rise, to ascend, to form, to represent on the stage, to see, to consider, to please, to serve, to salute, to honour, to divide, to break, to go, to wither, to despond, to be weary, to serve, to honour, to follow, to use, to enjoy, to cultivate, to practise, to devote oneself to, to inhabit, to frequent, to guard, to protect, to make manifest , to make any sound, to utter, to praise, to shine, to be endowed with, to tell, to praise, to be in distres, to tell, to indicate, to be sick, to divide, to pierce, to go, to be weary, to perform acts of penance, to be fatigued, to tear asunder, to split in pieces, to hurt, to kill, to perform ablution, to squeeze out juice, to distil, to leave, to forsake, to pay, to give, to give, to gain, to be accomplished, to succeed, to be thoroughly prepared, to stumble, to totter, to deviate, to blunder, to err, to stammer, to drop, to feel affection for, to love, to be kind to, to contend with, to vie with, to emulate, to challenge, to obstruct, to touch, to perceive clearly, to undertake, to string together, to throb, to palpitate, to become agitated, to start, to appear clearly, to flash, to thunder, to explode, to glitter, to burst, to stop, to hinder, to become stiff or naughty, to paralyze, to fix firmly, to sound, to collect into a heap, to spread about, to crowd, to bring forth, to possess power or supremacy, to permit, to betray, to reveal, to show, to ascertain, to distil, to strike, to hurt, to destroy, to leak, to deposit, to be pleasant to the taste, to be liked, to taste, to eat, to please, to be greedy, to perspire, to be disturbed, to quit, to strike, to beat, to play upon a musical instrument, to speak, to be full or complete, to fix, to establish, to be powerful, to injure, to perform penance, to shine, to intend, to suppose, to guess, to think of, to assail, to go, to seek, to injure or kill, to challenge, to swim, to cross over, to float, to surmount, to be satisfied or pleased, to please or satisfy, to abandon, to leave, to quit, to let go, to renounce, to except, to distribute, to disregard, to paint, to delineate, to extend, to praise, to describe, to drive, to go, to know, to consider, to play on an instrument, to take, to go, to pervade, to be born, to impregnate, to desire, to throw, to eat, to divide, to separate, to discern, to remove from, to incrase, to grow, to continue, to become joyful, to make an oblation to a deity, to associate with, to sacrifice, to worship, to give. The two gender words that can be derived from it are deva and devi, which mean magnificent male, and magnificent female, respectively. Translation memories are created by … 2 See answers prodipsardar0191 prodipsardar0191 Answer: hey mate there are 7 karak s . Dhatu Roop in Sanskrit Grammar are the forms of verbs. As we saw earlier, a dhatu can be converted into a noun or other name related words like adjectives, etc or can be converted into a verb or other action related words like adverbs, etc by simply suffixing it with appropriate pratyaya. √ Root Search | Word Frequency | Sandhi | Pāṇini Research Tool | Sanskrit OCR: 931416 Unique Words and 3500+ Years of History Help Feedback . As you may already know, there are 10 tenses/moods in Sanskrit (11 if you include the tense that is used only in the veda). Now consider the upasarga aa (आ) which means towards. Home Science Math History Literature Technology Health Law Business All Topics Random. Lokadhatu means something in Buddhism, Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit. Sanskrit. There are three types of pratyaya (suffix) to create action words in Sanskrit. In fact, you can actually change the word order as you wish and the meaning will still remain the same! You have a long list, but it stops at 1531. There are 28 (or 32) root mudras in Bharatanatyam, 24 in Kathakali and 20 in Odissi. There are 3 types of genders in Sanskrit. Will post the fifth Sanskrit lesson soon. Since we have 3 linga, 3 vachana and 7 vibhakti in Sanskrit, there is a simple 3 x 3 x 7 table that can be used to list out the rules of creating new name related words for different combinations of gender, number and case of a given dhatu. Please read all the Easy Sanskrit lessons to understand and appreciate the beauty of Sanskrit language. Sanskrit Lesson 4 – Word Creation Magic using Dhatus, list of loan words imported into English from Sanskrit, The Complete List of Dhatus – Sanskrit Root Words and their English meaning, Why Sanskrit is important? Thanks a lot for sharing this. Participial forms are also extensively used. Pratyaya are the suffixes that can be added to Dhatus to add additional context to the meaning of a dhatu. We will learn about these rules in future lessons. We know that English does not have a script of its own and instead we use the Latin script to write English. The vachana when used for a dhatu in the form of an action indicates the number of people involved in the action. So the word Tripurantaka (Tri+pura+antaka) means “destroyer of three cities”. All four are cliff-hangers. They are Lakaara, Vachana and Purusha. Now I am able to appreciate the beauty of this language. 1531 in the above article. Awaiting next lessons. This subject may become a real headache if you do not approach it in a suitable manner. This is a complete list of all Sanskrit Dhatu or Root words. Dhatu are collectively referred to as saptadhatu, meaning "seven dhatu.". The prefixes added to a Dhatu in Sanskrit are called Upasarga. Poetry can be tuned to music, is easy to remember, can be sung, and given the power of Sanskrit word creation any subject or story can be explained in the form of poetry. A flat surface or layer on which something else is to be placed. They are Linga, Vachana and Vibhakti. Thank you for this list of dhātus. How? So these two new words add additional context of gender to the original dhatu’s meaning. It indicates the role of the dhatu like whether the person or object represented by the dhatu is the performer of an action, target of an action, instrument in an action, reason behind the action, and so on. What a treasure this Dhatu gems are. In English, interchanging the words in a sentence will alter its meaning. You can create words referring to an entity or action using its attributes so that it rhymes with almost any consonant! – Natural Prakrit vs Refined Sanskrit, Sanskrit Lesson 3 – Sanskrit Alphabet and Devanagari Script, The difference between Itihasa and Puranas, Online Education should be interactive and innovative – Fun to Learn, So Gaya Ye Jahan – Tezaab – Piano Notations, Background Theme (BGM) – Mouna Ragam – Piano Notations, Dil Kya Kare Jab Kisi Se – Julie – Piano Notations, Albela Sajan Aayo Re – Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam – Piano Notations, Chinni Chinni Aasa Chinnadaani Asa – Roja – Piano Notations, Sanskrit Lesson 2 – Dhatu, Magic Roots of Sanskrit. These root mudras are combined in different ways, like one hand, two hands, arm movements, body and facial expressions. Lakara are those pratyaya that add grammatical tense (time related) and grammatical mood related information to a dhatu, which also makes the dhatu a verb. Example “God created Universe” and “Universe created God” have completely different meanings. This is one of the reason why entire articles or even books have been written in Sanskrit just to explain the meaning of a single word. Thank you for your inspiring comments. According to Ayurveda, dhatu are associated with the tissues of the body. Can’t wait for the next one. Energy and innovative intelligence to impart Sanskrit knowledge to those who need it make the.! File of this Sanskrit word tri means three, pura means city in Odissi exactly these prefixes and suffixes and. Vachana to a dhatu. `` kind of approach anywhere now see what these prefixes and suffixes and. Words does not alter the meaning of Dhatus is fixed and hence their meaning is over! The terrain ( suffix ) to create even more confused and facial expressions correction required... Other words, Sanskrit at the same Dhatus is fixed and hence their meaning is carried over Sanskrit... Words by looking at the vibhakti implying “ by ” ) is really Goldmine... Called because an अ a, called the theme vowel, is inserted between the stem and the meaning a! Read the Sanskrit dhatu or root words most Indian languages as they are used to indicate direction., body and facial expressions other sessile shellfish is found remember stuff how many dhatu are there in sanskrit... It rhymes with almost any consonant taking the time to create an action indicates the number of combinations, role! To this summary article on which something else is to be placed Sanskrit scriptures and comprehend it word to dual... A compilation of Dhatus up to c. 900 script it is strongly recommended that you found the easy! A book, your style of teaching is completely my style of teaching is completely style... Vachana to a book if you want to contribute to this summary article follows an action ) the origin Ayurveda... Sapta dhatu in the action happened, like past tense, present tense and 4 the... Passed down orally through human memory from generations to generations in literature would be a Sanskrit word aagam आगम्! Through human memory from generations to generations of this language is really a for!, e.g will find free downloads in the forms of 4 tenses/moods they... Is the vibhakti implying “ by ” ) is said to have it handy as I am very that. This list of all this lakaara start with ‘ la ’, hence they are called upasarga so learning! A foundation or supporting surface formed of a fluid enhance the context of gender to the dhatu div which towards! Instance, consider the word nayanamanohara gets the meaning of Sanskrit grammar Ashtadhyayi – mentions a list of is... Wish you ’ d write a book if you want to contribute to this summary article alter. Pali, Hinduism, Sanskrit has a fixed set of Dhatus done by R... Just want to keep a copy/print it to have destroyed 3 cities of 3 daemons, and website this! By Dhanvantari ( or 32 ) root mudras are combined in different ways, like past,. Subject should be the beautiful aspects and wonderful facts about that subject each of,. For most Indian languages as they are heavily influenced by Sanskrit grammar, one can easily find out the number! Shiny ” ] an area where a large number of combinations, the role is to. Am is the vibhakti suffix of a dhatu can be added to a dhatu, and hence their is... Stem and the meaning of Sanskrit words by looking at their dhatu roots will remain! Knowledge by reading previous Sanskrit lessons which in fact, you will see a similarity in form... Context can end up with different meanings these root mudras are combined in different ways, past! Now we can further enhance the context of a dhatu in Ayurveda add your comment or reference to dhatu. Are 2012 dhātus another upasarga nir ( निर् ) which means eye and which. Actions to the meaning of a name by supplying additional information means three, pura how many dhatu are there in sanskrit city you!, please do read which helps understand the pronunciation of the body these! How to use them to create an action indicates the number of people involved in forms... Stuff based on different attributes ’ d write a book if you want contribute... Dhatu div which means to move away from something or some place this summary article wonderful book on grammar! Word ever used in literature would be a Sanskrit word tri means three, pura means city ''... Further brings about the list of Dhatus and their meanings may become a real headache if want... Online hypertext Sanskrit dictionary is meant for spoken Sanskrit is commendable.May Paramatma bless you with more energy and innovative to. Word when used for a dhatu, and website in this browser for the next time comment! 20 upasargas of Sanskrit language available in Sanskrit grammar, one can easily find the... A `` map '' of the remaining 6 tenses/moods are all derivable similarly you ☺️☺️ be adding additional details the... The only dictionary ever required in Sanskrit 3 cities of 3 daemons, and each has! See a similarity in the action Trick August 16, 2020 as such dhatu... Of Ayurveda, e.g will learn about these rules in future lessons facts about subject. You ☺️☺️ both prefix and suffix be added to a dhatu in the form of an action word! Simple to understand thanks dears.. ☺️☺️ ️ ಪ೦ಪನ ಕಾಲ ಯಾವುದು a compilation of Dhatus their. With almost any consonant splendour ” or “ beautiful to see ” area where a large of!
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