COGONGRASS – Imperata cylindrica Perennial, rhizomatous to 2-meters tall. Identification and Control Methods for Cogongrass in Tennessee COGONGRASS (Imperata cylindrica) An aggressive invader of natural and disturbed sites such as: Pastures Forests Rights-of-Way PB 1792 James H. Miller, USDA Forest Service, Bugwood.org. At the time, noone realized how invasive this species could be. The off-centered midrib and the rough blade edges are keys to identification of cogongrass. Even at higher rates and combinations, cogongrass regenerates within a year following a single application of glyphosate and/or imazapyr. See UF/IFAS publication number SS-AGR-52 for more information and suggested application rates of these herbicides. CogonGrass, Imperata Cylindrica. USDA National Invasive Species Information Center. Inflorescence a cylindrical cottony or feathery spike. Several distinctive features aid in the identification of cogongrass. Infestations usually require multiple treatments over a period of 2-3 years to completely eliminate the rhizomes. P.O. Leaves: Leaf sheaths relatively short, glabrous or pubescent; ligule a membrane, 0.5-1 mm long. This plant can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below.This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. The pest was first found in South Carolina in 1987 at a site in Hampton County that is still active. Imperata cylindrica (commonly known as cogongrass / k oʊ ˈ ɡ oʊ n / or kunai grass / ˈ k uː n aɪ /)) is a species of perennial rhizomatous grass native to tropical and subtropical Asia, Micronesia, Melanesia, Australia, Africa, and southern Europe. The flowers are silky panicles, 1 to 8 inches long appearing from February to May. In the United States, it is naturalized in Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi… Rarely do you find a single plant of cogongrass, but rather new infestations are most often circular in nature. For more information on cogongrass identification, please see: www.cogongrass.org/identification Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) is an aggressive invader of natural and disturbed areas throughout the Southeast. Cogongrass grows in loose to compact bunches, each ‘bunch’ containing several leaves arising from a central area along a rhizome. Key Identification Features of Cogongrass Flower/Seed head. and imazapyr (Arsenal, Arsenal AC, and Chopper) have significant activity on this grass. Imperata-cylindrica, das allgemein als cogon Gras, kunai Gras, blady Gras, alang-alang, Rohbaumwollegras bekannt ist, KuraKura ist Spezies des Grases im Familie Poaceae Rote Kulturvarietäten der Spezies, die als Zierpflanzen gewachsen werden, bekannt als japanische bloodgrass Es ist ein beständiges rhizomatous Graseingeborenes zum Osten und Südostasien, Indien, … It is extremely hard to get rid of once you have it. Cogongrass Identification Photos » Click images for larger view. Leaves are up to 6 ft. (1.8 m) long, 0.5-0.75 in. Cogongrass is everyone's problem. Casey noted that, "All parties on the MOU agree that it is to their mutual interest and benefit to work together in education and detection, as well as inventorying, monitoring, controlling, and preventing the spread of cogongrass. cogon grass. Cogongrass Identification. Cogongrass is very unique because the midrib is off-centered and the blade has very rough, serrated edges. Lee SA, 1978. Cogon Grass: Imperata cylindrica. Forms dense stands in mostly upland habitats. TexasInvasives.org. Young infestations are usually easier to control than older well-established infestations. Seeds are small, brown, with silver husks and mature from May to June. The leaves reach 2–6 feet in height. The initial tillage should begin in the spring (March through May) with an implement that inverts the soil to a depth of at least 6 inches. (1.3-1.9 cm) wide, stiff, and have a sharp, pointed apex. Flowering typically occurs in spring or after disturbance of the sward (mowing, etc.). It has also been introduced to Latin America, the Caribbean, and the southeastern United States. Identification of Cogongrass and Other Commonly Mistaken Grasses. Ecology: Cogongrass is adaptable to a variety of environmental conditions. Cogograss has white, plum-like seed heads with fluffy seeds that blow in the wind. Individual leaf blades are flat and serrated, with an off-center prominent white midrib (Figure 2). No need to register, buy now! Infestation of this perennial grass spreads by way of wind-blown seed, as well as a massive underground rhizome system. It is frequently sold across the U.S. in plant nurseries and is widely available over the Internet for ornamental use. If you have a grass that you suspect to be cogongrass and you would like definitive identification, contact your county’s Agricultural Extension Agent. Rob Trawick, Jackson County Horticulture Agent. The leaves originate directly from ground level and range from one to four feet in length. A minimum of two applications are needed, realizing that older infestations may require two to three years of treatment to eliminate rhizomes. Native to Southeast Asia, cogongrass is an aggressive invasive plant that that has spread to all continents except Antarctica (MacDonald 2004) and is considered among the worst problematic weeds on a global scale (Holm et al. Perform additional tillage with a disk harrow or other appropriate implement every 6 to 8 … UGA Thomas Co. Extension, 2010 R.J. Byrne and D.J. Cogongrass has been named one of the 10 worst weeds in the world. This partnership brings all the stakeholders together to eliminate this destructive weed." Identification of Cogongrass With comparisons to other commonly found grass species in the Southeast. Images left to right: Off center Midrib of Leaf Needle-life Rhizomes Cogongrass Flower – Blooms occurs between March and May Flowering cogongrass on roadside Cogongrass overtaking pines . Identification; Control; Images; Distribution; Proceedings; Publications; Videos; Report; Links; About Us; Chris Evans, Illinois Wildlife Action Plan, Bugwood.org. Foliage Leaves have an off-center, whitish midrib and finely serrated margins. )is a warm-season perennial grass species found throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world (Hubbard 1944). Stop Cogongrass Hitchhikers. Seed heads range from 2 to 8 inches in length and can … The leaves appear light green, with older leaves becoming orange-brown in color. There are some relatively distinctive features that cogongrass possesses, which help in making an accurate identification. Imazapyr will injure hardwood trees, so repeated applications of glyphosate would be the reccomended choice near desirable oak trees. For newer patches, tillage can eliminate cogongrass from an area if continued during the course of a growing season. Purposeful expansion followed thereafter in areas of Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi, with the primary intent of trying it as a forage. Identification: Cogongrass is an aggressive perennial grass reaching 1 to 5 feet in height. Identification and Biology of Non-native Plants in Florida’s Natural Areas. Each seed has silky-white hairs that aid in wind-blown dissemination. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. Leaves. Clemson University's Department of Plant Industry is charged with the eradication of this plant and has treated all reported infestations, but new sites are found each year. The off-centered midrib and the rough blade edges are keys to identification of cogongrass. Rarely will you find a single plant, but rather it generally forms patches or infestations that are most often circular in nature. Download a PDF of Field Guide to The Identification of Cogongrass, ANR – 1349. This video is unavailable. For questions about accessibility or to request accommodations, contact Extension Communications and Marketing at 334-844-5696 or extcomm@aces.edu . Cogograss has white, plum-like seed heads with fluffy seeds that blow in the wind. Therefore, it is extremely important to be able to both correctly identify cogongrass, as well as methods available to eliminate it, preventing future movement and further introduction. an aggressive invader of natural and disturbed areas throughout the Southeast. Mapping, Control, and Revegetation of Cogongrass Infestations on Alabama Right-of-Way. paillotte. Cogongrass produces a fluffy white plume-like seed head in early spring, unlike most summer grasses that flower later in the season. Blades light green, to 1.5 m long, linear-lanceolate, with scabrous margins. Imperata cylindrica, also known as cogongrass, is ranked as one of the 10 worst weeds in the world. Out of dozens of herbicides tested for activity on cogongrass, only two, glyphosate (Round-up, Accord, Glypro, etc.) For more information of cogongrass ecology and control, visit www.cogongrass.org. In areas with killing frosts, the leaves will turn light brown during winter months and present a substantial fire hazard. Thus, once cogongrass gains a small foothold in an area, the clock starts ticking as to how long it takes to displace native vegetation. Ligules hairs 0.2-3.5 mm. Contact: Denise Clanton Branch Director DeniseC@mdac.ms.gov. CogonGrass, Imperata Cylindrica. The leaf margins are finely serrated … Cogon grass leaf blades can grow to 4 feet tall and can be easily identified by its leaf blades having a midvein noticeably off-center. Cylindrical in shape; 2-8 inches in length (total flower or seed head) Silvery white in color; Light fluffy dandelion-like seeds; Blooms from late March to mid June (flower timing depends somewhat on local climate) If you see it, report it! (Photo courtesy of Rocky Lemus) For help with controlling cogongrass on your property, learn more about the Cogongrass Control Program offered by the Mississippi Forestry Commission. As with all pesticides, always read and follow label directions. Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. Moorhead. The seed head (Figure 3) is fluffy, white, and plume-like. About Cogongrass. Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, 2-8 inches in length (total flower or seed head), Blooms from late March to mid June (flower timing depends somewhat on local climate), Whitish, prominent midrib, that is often off center, Some leaves are very erect, but some may droop or lie flat, Could have a reddish cast in fall/winter or brown after frost or freeze, Leaves appear to arise directly from or close to the ground, Overlapping sheaths give a rounded appearance to the plant base, All vegetation doesn't arise from one dense clump, instead the plants are more spread out, Light-green to yellowish in color, or could be reddish, Leaf sheaths overlapping, giving the plant a round appearance, Hairy (the ligule is the most hairy part of the plant, the plant base may also be somewhat hairy), Tall grass (up to six feet, averaging 3-4 feet), Plants often turn brown in winter (at least partially, but may depend on local climate). Find the perfect cogon grass stock photo. Glyphosate has no residual soil activity, and planting of replacement species is permitted, imazapyr has both soil and foliar activity and can severely injure susceptible plant species planted to soon (within 24 months) after the last treatment. More. Cogongrass is an exotic plant species from Asia that has aggressively expanded its range in the Southeastern United States and is difficult to control. Forms, Laws & Regulations » Forms » Laws » Regulations. Cogongrass is one of the world's worst invasive weeds, and is firmly established in several southeastern states. Cogongrass is one of the 7 most invasive weeds in the world. Appearance Imperata cylindrica is a perennial, colony-forming grass which can grow up to 6 ft. (1.8 m) tall. Cogongrass control varies according to the age and rhizome mat density and depth. The ‘Red Baron’ cultivar of Imperata cylindrica has bright, showy, blood-red leaf edges. Cogongrass.org. Loading... Close. Cogongrass has sharp-pointed leaf blades which are ¾ to 1 inch wide, and the main vein of each leaf is off-center and white. Seed in packing materials from Japan made its way into the environment. santintail . Watch Queue Queue. The grass blades tend to be yellow to green in color (Figure 1). The stem is moderately stout. The exotic invasive cogongrass is considered to be one of the top ten worst weeds in the world. Websites. Credit: Jennifer Possley, FTBG It disrupts ecosystem functions, reduces wildlife habitat, de-creases tree seedling growth and establishment success, and alters fire regimes and intensity. The leaves are 2-6 feet in length and taper to a point (Figure 1). Gainesville, Florida, USA: University of Florida, 165 pp. on peat. by Judy Biss | Sep 28, 2012 | Pest Alert, Weeds. MARDI Research Bulletin, 5(2):1-9 . Click on an acronym to view each weed list, or click here for a composite list of Weeds of the U.S. Midrib whitish, and off-center. A new fact sheet, Cogongrass Biology and Management in the Southeastern U.S., is now available that outlines identification, biology, and management options for cogongrass. First, cogongrass infestations usually occur in circular patches. Search. Cogongrass will rarely be eradicated with one application, even when using high rates or tank-mix combinations of glyphosate and imazapyr. Germination, rhizome survival and control of Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv. Cogongrass patches appear as pale green leaves coming straight out of the ground with no stem, branching, or visible nodes/internodes. Skip navigation Sign in. Cogon grass (Imperata cylindrica) is an invasive, non-native grass which occurs in Florida and several other southeastern states.A pest in 73 countries, and considered to be one of the "Top 10 Worst Weeds in the World", cogon grass affects pine productivity and survival, wildlife habitat, recreation, native plants, fire behavior, site management costs and more. Cogongrass (imperata cylindrical), initially, was accidently introduced near Grand Bay, AL in approximately 1911. Cogongrass is a perennial grass that varies greatly in appearance. 1977). It is often described as being non-invasive, although published proof of this claim is lacking. Watch … Beware of Cogon Grass. kunai. Designed by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress, Judy Biss is the Agriculture and Natural Resource Agent in Calhoun County, Florida, Maintaining Dissolved Oxygen Levels in Your Pond to Reduce Fish Kills, The Bumble Bee – One of Florida’s Vital Pollinators, 2017-2018 Bee Informed Partnership’s National Bee Colony Loss Report, UF/IFAS Animal Science Offering Know Your Heifer Program, Texas A&M Offers QuickBooks Desktop Training for Farmers and Ranchers Online in 2020. Field Guide to the Identification of Cogongrass. Cogongrass rhizomes have hardened, penetrating tips that are also easily identifiable. 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