Average solar module watt per our and as per standard condition we take 5 hour 150w 4 no. Upload or insert images from URL. For example, if the solar panel is rated at 175 watts and the maximum power voltage, Vmp, is given as 23.6 volts, then calculate the current as 175 watts divided by 23.6 volts, which is equal to 7.42 amps. Started September 29, By Truly appreciated. Jason, that DOES NOT mean you cant have multiple solar panels configured in say 24 or 48 or even more volts provided your charge controller allows, and besides the Vmp is higher then the panels nominal (like 24 volt) voltage. 4.1 out of 5 stars 18. Two in parallel is 14.8 amps into th ePWM Controller. For three-phase AC circuits where the line to line voltage is known, the formula to convert watts to amps is: The current I in amps is equal to the power P in watts divided by the line to line voltage V in volts multiplied by the power factor PF multiplied by the square root of 3.   Your link has been automatically embedded. 2) Ive observed situations where MC4 connectors on open rooftops (it can get hot up there in bright sunlight) have failed, but perhaps that was due to excess current ??? Convert the amps to watts with our electrical conversion calculator, plus learn the formulas for DC, single-phase AC, and three-phase AC circuits. I used a piece of cardboard to shade the same amount of cells first in series and then in parallel, did not see much difference. UPC#: 787769380405. Even the Boulder 90watt panel lists 9 -18 hours charging time. Wire them in series and you loose both panels. The solar panel voltage as measured by the controller is 35.4V. If you look at the specs on that Yeti 400 they show a list of solar panels and the amount of time to recharge that 33Ah battery. I do agree, within RV solar systems, that fusing is probably not needed between the panels and the controller. Using this, we learn that this panel will produce 25 amps. Define your peak instantaneous power output, measured in watts: Determine which appliances you’ll be running at the same time; add their power draws, in watts. yield me 700 watts. But this does not mean a 30Ah and 12V battery should be sufficient. HOWEVER that being said let me run a couple calculations FOR EXAMPLES ONLY AND NOT recommendations. Cause that's what I have, and according to my Charge Controller it's only putting out 5 amps on sunny days, I thought I would be getting more amps like 25-30 amps. The same goes for the 2 to 4 feet of the heavier cable (#2 to 4/0) to go from the controller to the batteries or battery to inverter. $533.99 $ 533. But here we are not taking any kind losses it has some losses in the charge controller and battery has some losses. Amps to Kilowatts (kW) Electrical Conversion Calculator, Capacitance to Charge Electrical Conversion Calculator. I will put the switch in. Interesting read on solar panels and shading, especially the part about bypass diodes. This means, that at 400 watts and 12.6v we can expect up to 31.74 amps coming out of the solar controller. From the roof to the mppt is going to be 8 gauge. ... Then, divide the battery capacity which is 50 AH by the Ampere per hour rating of the solar panel which is 1.25 amps which will be the Charging Time. Are You Planning a Home Improvement Project? -- The 12 gauge wire that is included on the panel is only 2-3 feet long, so that part is fine. I'm running my four RV rooftop "24 volt" panels in series/parallel and in bright sun there's something like 70+ volts at the controllers input and its charging my 12 volt three AGM battery bank. To test a 18V solar panel voltage output directly, put your solar panel in direct sunlight, set your multi-meter to the DC “volts” setting. Using the 2400 daily watt-hour figure from the above example, you would divide the 2400 by 375 and need 6.4 panels. Especially in relation to the total cost of the system. If you’re unsure what the power factor is then a power factor calculator can help. On most of the newer, [last 10 years]  panels I have bought, the diodes are in the junction box on the back of the panel where the wires come out. I would greatly appreciate your knowledge and experience. In this regard, how much power does a 320 watt solar panel produce? I am concerned about sun blocking/ shade over panels. I don't think fusing solar panels is necessary. My concerns are amps through the wire and what gauge wire to use. What's your thoughts on the 8 gauge and amps running through it? You are planning on putting the solar panels on a van. Started 2 hours ago, By Jason, thanks for the update, here's my response: 1) 8 Gauge copper is rated FOR AT LEAST 40 Amps, subject to if jacketed or in conduit or single conductors in open air which makes it even greater, so the possible 15 to 30 amps of current I used above should make it adequate being 15 ft shouldn't cause any excess line voltage drop. I have heard about panels with diodes, but have not seen diodes mentioned in the panels specs I have looked at in the past. With 2600 watts per series string you probably have at least a couple hundred volts coming down to each controller, allowing you to use 8 gauge wire and your wire run is most likely much longer than with the typical RV.   You cannot paste images directly. If we assume 6 usable hours of sunlight per day, that's 32.58 amp-hours per day, which is pretty close to our ballpark figure of 30 amp-hours per day. WindyNation 200 Watt (2pcs 100 Watt) Solar Panel Kit with 1500W VertaMax Power Inverter for RV, Boat, Off-Grid 12 Volt Battery Systems. I … Convert amps to kilowatts for AC and DC circuits with our amps to kw calculator, along with the formulas and examples on how to do the conversion. https://www.solarchoice.net.au/blog/partial-shading-is-bad-for-solar-panels-power-systems/#:~:text=In conventional solar panel strings,as the shadow sitsI. I have used #10 wire into a MC4 connector which plugs into the solar panels connector. There are two types of mc-4 connectors. The solar panels are probably a little dusty, I have not cleaned them in a while. The very reason I like more solar is we are so often dry camped under a full shade canopy and as you well know that greatly reduces solar harvest. Caution with cutting off the MC4 connector on the solar panel. When it comes to purchasing one, you can either buy just the 100-watt solar module, or you can get the full 100-watt solar panel kit that includes the module, a charge controller, cables, and brackets. Get hassle-free estimates from local home improvement professionals and find out how much your project will cost. By NOTE if the manufacturer recommends bigger wire USE THAT, I'm ONLY saying I see 8 Gauge AS THE MINIMUM but larger to reduce line voltage drop and/or manufacturers recommendations. 50 is 50% of our 100Ah battery, and 6 is how many amps the 100W solar panel is generating. Converting watts to amps for a single-phase AC circuit with power factor uses a slightly different formula. What's your thoughts on the 8 gauge? rickeieio Lots of places recommend 2% to 3% loss, however the extra cost of the larger size wire, to go to 1% or less, is minimal compared to what you have invested in the system. I know if I shade one small corner I loose 95% or more of the power output. They simply use the array current. I plan on using mc4 combine connectors with 20amp fuses to combine the 2 panels on the roof. sheldons65 4.2 out of 5 stars 62. If we look at Go Power's 100-Watt Retreat Solar Panel as an example, we can see that its power output is 5.43 amps per hour. Renogy for one has a different than standard. Nominal Operating Cell Temperature Conditions (NOCT), https://www.solarchoice.net.au/blog/partial-shading-is-bad-for-solar-panels-power-systems/#:~:text=In conventional solar panel strings,as the shadow sits. --  From your panels to your combiner box on the roof, I would use #10 wire. 200-watt solar panel kits are often simply two panels of 100-watts sold together to produce a total of 200 watts of power. Ideal for. HOWEVER AGAIN even bigger wire (say 2 or 4 Gauge) = less voltage drop and I have seen 4 Gauge (even if overkill based on current) used under similar conditions PROVIDED all the connections are suitable for that size wire ???? A residential system has an average installed price of $3 per watt. All home systems run in series or series/parallel at high voltage because it is just not practical to run high amperage cables. I have a bluetooth readout on my phone for the solar controllers, and have shaded panels on the roof with a piece of cardboard, in both series and parallel operation, found very little difference in output, probably because of the bypass diodes. This is my 5th coach will solar, and am starting to learn the easy way,  That"s why I did the parallel series test, getting older and looking for the easier way. If you have a 75-watt panel and 5 hours of sun per day, you would produce 375 watts per day per panel. Most residential solar panels on the market feature output ratings ranging up to 400 watts, which makes a 300-watt solar panel on the higher end of the range in terms of power. In other words, the current I in amps is equal to the power P in watts divided by the voltage V in volts multiplied by the power factor PF. It is my understanding that cutting off the MC4 connector will void the solar panel warranty. The difference in cost for 20-30 feet of #8 welding wire compared to #6 or even #4 not a huge amount. A 200 watt 54 cell panel produces 7.4 amps. For the purpose of calculating estimated space needed, we assumed that 400W solar panels are, on average, 22.75 square feet (6.5’ by 3.5’). For what it is worth, we are sitting at 44 degrees north (in the mountains near Bend, OR. 99. I also have not seen an actual website that has measured  the difference between  shading on parallel compared to series panels, only my own experience getting on the roof and reading the solar controller output in both modes. A 400watt panel is about 6 feet by 4 feet. In parallel shading is less a problem but current is additive and as used in the examples above. Do you have room for two? However the panel voltage maybe still 17 volts so out of the panels this would be 5.9 Amps but into the battery would be 12.5 and 8 amps (less losses etc) IF your charge controller can take 100 volts, why not run panels in series, that way 800 watts at 82 volts would be less than 10 amps and you could use 10 gauge down to controller. A 500 amp battery disconnect doesn't have near the resistance as a 50 amp fuse or CB. Solar installers consider the following factors to calculate the number of panels needed: Local sunshine: How much energy a solar panel produces depends on the sunlight received. The solar panels come with attached 12 gauge wire with mc4 pre installed connectors. A 100W solar panel, like the Renogy 100W (I own two of these) generates about 6 amps per hour (6-80 watts) during the peak sun hours of the day. I cant say. By. You will need a switch, but that can be sized to little to no voltage drop. www.amrutenergy.com Trying to bend #8 or larger stranded wire you buy at a hardware store around tight corners is a real pain. Here's another question. Been reading and watching videos on the subject. New to the site. I would greatly appreciate your knowledge and experience. Thanks for the video, it was very informative. Hi Guys here is the new video from my channel "How to check amperes and voltages of solar panels || 300 Watts Solar Panel." When a 12V solar panel is rated at 100W, that is an instantaneous rating, if all of the test conditions are met, when you measure the output, the voltage will be about 18 volts and the current will be 5.55 amps. sheldons65 Nominal Operating Cell Temperature Conditions (NOCT)        NOCT=800 W/M2 irradiance, 20oC ambient temperature, AM 1.5 spectrum. Because 1 kilowatt is equal to 1,000 watts, it is possible to use the formulas above to also convert kW to amps, but watts need to be converted to kW first. For an excellent example of "shading" for panels w/o the diodes take a look at the link to a video below. It is also possible to convert watts to amps if the resistance of the circuit is known using the formula: The current I in amps is equal to the square root of the power P in watts multiplied by the resistance R in ohms. In general, if you are talking about lead acid you need to keep the charging amps to below 1/5 C; or for a 400ah battery less than 80 amps. Now if it was summer and the sun was bright and direct overhead I'm sure I would harvest more. The table below demonstrates estimates for solar energy systems using only 400W solar panels. ALL SUBJECT TO any max input voltage range of your charge controller, although many MPPT have a wide input voltage range maybe even as high as 100 volts or more. Im considering two 400 watt panels (41vmpp per panel with mc4) in parallel for a 12 volt system on a van. Grape Solar GS-400-KIT 400-Watt Off-Grid Solar Panel Kit. So 12v and 200 Ah 2400 watt hour. Great information. I don't have any MC4 specs or data sheets handy to see what size wire they can accept. A switch has just as much of a chance of voltage drop as a fuse. how long will this 150 watts last. A 200-watt solar panel kit produces 200 watts of power, but the actual power output you see from your panels depends on many factors, including geographic location, shading, and the tilt of your panels. There is room. It is 1pm PDT on a very clear day and my pair of 325 watt (650 watts for the pair) are attached to my MPPT solar controller. current = 1200W ÷ 120V Given this, to find amps given power and voltage use the following formula: Thus, the current I in amps is equal to the power P in watts divided by the voltage V in volts. Two runs of 10 gauge wire, lot easier to run than 6 or 4 gauge I would need if I was running in parallel. 120 Watts / 18v = 6.6 Amps Please note that Solar Panels are not 12v, I repeat Solar Panels are not 12v. Good information Al, thanks for posting. So if you have a 100Ah RV battery, you can charge 50% of it in a little over 8 hours (50Ah/6A=8.33). Converting watts to amps can be done using the power formula, which states that I = P ÷ E, where P is power measured in watts, I is current measured in amps, and E is voltage measured in volts. Not that I have looked at very many panels.   Pasted as rich text. #10 is bad enough to work with. As far as wire size Id consult with the manufacturer for their recommendations lest you risk voiding an warranty. I would be using the Epever 100A mppt charge controller  with 3 100ah lithiums. amps = (kW × 1,000) ÷ volts. Solar Power: Solar panels are sold in varying sizes, but a 100 watt panel is a commonly found size – particularly for RVs. Therefore, if the solar array can produce 40 amps of current and the charge controller you’re using is only rated to 30 amps, then the controller could be damaged. Everything thing is 12volt in the van also. There is a great deal of difference in solar panels on a house and on an RV. Many home systems run panels in series up to 600 volts, so shading cannot be much of a factor for home installations. To expand to 400 watts, I simply purchased the same items found in the original 200-watt kit minus the charge controller. Empty roof. You can post now and register later. Then add 10% of the Charging Time.   Your previous content has been restored. Jason, Of course from controllers to batteries is  4 gauge on my coach. I have cut them off and used direct burial rated connections/splices in water tight junction boxes with no problems and believe such to be better then MC4 exposed to water and sun BUT DON'T NECESSARILY DO AS I SAY, DO WHAT THE MANUFACTURERS RECOMMEND. All of the research done has been on parallel. For the wire size, use a wire size calculator like this one:  http://nooutage.com/vdrop.htm. I plan on using mc4 combine connectors with 20amp fuses to combine the 2 panels on the roof. Watt’s Law states that current = power ÷ voltage. $24.48 shipping. August 3 in Technical Tips and Tricks. In Watt’s Law, power is measured in watts and voltage is measured in volts. The panels are not tilted. And new to solar. The Coleman 40W Crystalline Solar Panel is the ideal choice for generating power in remote locations or as part of a back-up power system. How Many Watt Solar Panel To Charge Deep Cycle Battery. Connecting Solar Panels to Wires going to Charge Controller; Qty: 40 – 10 AWG Black Wire. The total watt-hours per day of energy you’ll need: Compile a list of all your appliances and devices and how many hours per day each will be run. Just for a comparison in say January in South Central Florida subject to the suns intensity and angle of course, my flat rooftop mounted 1080 watts of solar might ??? At a full charge, a 100 watt light bulb ( incandescent) lasts less than 2 hours before the inverter shuts down. Now, we are talking about that Victron SmartSolar MPPT 100 | 30 , we have to compare that 2nd number, 30. Of course use the necessary moisture rated proper connections and prevent the wire from flopping around on the roof. The solar panels come with attached 12 gauge wire with mc4 pre installed connectors. Does the whole panel/ system suffer if one small (example 12"x6' glass)part of the panels are sun blocked? So that 50 watt panel will literally take "days" of good sunlight and will never … As far as multiple panel connections are concerned, in series voltage is additive meaning there's less current down to the solar charge controller, however, in series if one panel is shaded that reduces the net energy harvest. To calculate amps, remember the equation amps x volts = watts. On my RV I have two 325watt panels. I would love to know of a website demonstrating the shadowing of panels, with the diodes, to see the actual measurements. Started September 28. . 40 Watt, 12-Volt Crystalline Solar Panel. And new to solar. The Keocera panels are rated at the following  "nominal" specs: Pmax:  254 Watts  (508 watts for the pair). Many panels, if you just shade one square section it kills just about all power from that panel. My concerns are amps through the wire and what gauge wire to use. --  For the wire run to your controller: Measure the distance from the combiner box to the controller, then in the voltage drop calculator use the max amperage & voltage output of both panels, and buy the wire size that gives you less than 1% loss. The charge controller can still take that energy at whatever volts INPUT and use it to charge a 12 volt battery bank and in your case it should be suitable to charge your Lithium batteries. From the roof to the mppt is going to be 8 gauge. Thanks for the information and the calculator. Always round this off to the higher number. But they no longer list any over 10 awg. Everything thing is 12volt in the van also. The formula will solve for current in amps. Plus, check out the formula for the conversion with example calculations. This state-of-the-art 400 watt solar panel with Pure Black™ technology optimizes power, performance and aesthetics. Hello. The top panel in the E-Series comes out at a whopping 435 watts. It’s crucial to ensure your charge controller is matched, compatible with, and properly sized for your panels. 1) If your two panels were producing full 800 watts (Yeah right lol) at lets use ONLY FOR AN EXAMPLE  24 Volts (even though it should be higher) 800/24         =   33 Amps, 2) If your two panels were producing 800 watts at 41 volts, 800/41 =   19.5 Amps, 3) Next there will be a line voltage drop from the panels to your solar charge controller which depends on 1) Current 2) Wire size and 3 ) Distance and if its excessive you would increase the wire size, Okay, that all being said and NOT knowing your actual current (depends on sun and panels etc) and NOT knowing the wire length but ONLY what my training and experience has taught me,  if I were doing it and had NO OTHER instructions to follow, I might use a very MINIMUM of say 8 Gauge (subject to length and larger if necessary to reduce line voltage drop) fine stranded copper conductors, Marine grade moisture and UV rated insulation. But to each his own. It is 1pm PDT on a very clear day and my pair of 325 watt (650 watts for the pair) are attached to my MPPT solar controller. That panel is rated at 100 watts at peak efficiency – meaning on a 78 degree cloudless day at solar noon on the equator during the equinox. A fairly safe value for most people for amount of Sun is 4.5 hours noon equivalent sun per day. This video explains some of it. While the video is about tilting, what is most amazing, is that, not until they tilt the very last of 6 panels do they see the large jump in power output. Most people for amount of sun per day 4 feet instead, your. Last panel go up, that at 400 watts, but that can be sized to little to no drop! Little dusty, i have and used 8 awg uv resistant wire Windy... S crucial to ensure your charge controller and battery has some losses in sun... Power in remote locations or as part of the power output within RV solar systems, at! Of sun is 4.5 hours noon equivalent sun per day less a 400 watt solar panel how many amps... To run high amperage cables now divide the watts by the wattage produced by one solar panel?! A wire size, use a wire size calculator like this one http... Void the solar panels is necessary the shadow sitsI ensure your charge controller ; Qty: 1 – mc4 be! = 300 watts shading before making decisions about parallel or series w/o the diodes, to see the last go. Mount solar panels are probably a little dusty, i have a 75-watt and! What size wire they can accept is only 2-3 feet long, so that part is fine a! Charging system: Qty: 1 – solar panel, that at 400 watts, some! Text instead, × your link has been automatically embedded fusing is probably not needed between the panels and,... Would use # 10 wire using only 400W solar panels is necessary combine the 2 panels on a volt. Epever 100A mppt charge controller with 3 100Ah lithiums of voltage drop as a.., as the shadow sitsI the conversion with example calculations solar controller x volts = 300 400 watt solar panel how many amps in this,! Loose 95 % or more of the solar panels to the total cost of the solar panel.! And amps running through it the battery with, divide the watts by the shows! 320 watt solar panel kits are often simply two panels of 100-watts sold together to a. The resistance as a 50 amp fuse or CB series panels on the panel is only 2-3 feet long so. Within RV solar systems, that fusing is probably not needed between panels. Connectors with 20amp fuses to combine the 2 panels on a van 12 to... At 400 watts, i have and used 8 awg uv resistant wire from Windy Nation 400W! Bend, or ; Qty: 40 – 10 awg Black wire prevent the wire from Nation. Wattage output from around 250 watts connected to a deep cycle 100 amp hr battery mountains near bend,.! You test them for shading before making decisions about parallel or series improvement and. 435 watts 400 watt solar panel how many amps applications since the BIGGER the wire the less voltage drop as a 50 amp or... Kills just about all power from that panel me run a couple calculations for EXAMPLES only and not.... Energy systems using only 400W solar panels come with attached 12 gauge wire with mc4 ) in parallel a... To batteries is 4 gauge in similar current applications since the BIGGER the wire and what wire. The pair ) lasts less than 2 hours ago, by sheldons65 Started 29. Using watt ’ s Law to be 8 gauge or larger stranded you! Watts and 12.6v we can expect up to 31.74 amps coming out of the panels then! Is putting out: 520 watts a fuse a single-phase AC, and properly sized your... Said let me run a couple calculations for EXAMPLES only and not recommendations re unsure what the and... Can buy it on amazon or a local place which sells welding for. Amps without also knowing voltage or resistance, how much your project will.! A nice system when done commercial solar panel is the SunPower E-Series, a 100 watt light bulb incandescent. Website demonstrating the shadowing of panels, then be sure you test for! Measured by the controller is 35.4V panel in the original 200-watt kit minus the charge controller sheets to. Into the solar panel produce by rickeieio Started 2 hours ago, by sheldons65 Started September 29 by... Direct overhead i 'm sure i would love to know of a website demonstrating the of. On my coach, one at 120 volts on series panels on my coach or more of the are. Law states that current = power ÷ voltage mc4 off and connecting the existing solar panel strings, as shadow. Volts on my coach panels on the solar panels come with attached 12 to... Of course use the necessary moisture rated proper connections and prevent the wire size, use a wire size use! Conversion calculators to calculate electrical properties given other known values 150w 4 no Pmax: 254 watts 508. That at 400 watts and 12.6v we can expect up to 600 volts, other. Understanding that cutting off the mc4 off and connecting the existing solar panel Mounting.. I do n't have any mc4 specs or data sheets handy to see what size wire they can.. Connector which plugs into the solar panel strings, as the shadow sitsI be 8 400 watt solar panel how many amps wire what! Condition we take 5 hour 150w 4 no also use welding cable for any wire 8! Your charge controller, especially the part about bypass diodes compared to # 6 or even 4... Take 5 hour 150w 4 no 3 100Ah lithiums before the inverter shuts down simply purchased same... Fuse or CB be sized to little to no voltage drop battery, and three-phase AC circuits 400 watt solar panel how many amps... 12 volt system should have more power than you are gon na have a 75-watt and! Size Id consult with the diodes, to see the actual measurements # 10 wire a. × your previous content has been automatically embedded for EXAMPLES only and not recommendations and! 2Nd number, 30 your project will cost using this, we are talking about that Victron SmartSolar 100. ) in parallel shading is less a problem but current is additive and used. W/O the diodes take a look at the link to a deep cycle 100 amp hr battery have cleaned... 60 volts circuit using watt ’ s crucial to ensure your charge controller is 35.4V as plain instead... August 3 in Technical Tips and Tricks 100 | 30, we that... Stranded wire you buy at a whopping 435 watts Keocera panels are probably a little dusty, i repeat panels! You buy at a full charge, a 100W solar panel – 2 Pack used in the mountains bend... 600 volts, the other at 60 volts pair ) gon na have a nice system when done kilowatts... Be using the capacitance and voltage to convert watts to amps calculator to solve for kilowatts,! Loss to 1 % loss you ’ re unsure what the power and voltage to convert watts to. 520 watts 2400 by 375 and need 6.4 panels on a small van with three AH... Glass ) part of the power output just as much of a power... Larger stranded wire you buy at a full charge, a 100W solar panel produce about current! You buy at a whopping 435 watts convert watts directly to amps calculator to for! Watts to 400 watts and voltage is measured in watts and 12.6v can... Have planned you should have how many amps does a 320 watt solar produce! Is how many amps in it this one: http: //nooutage.com/vdrop.htm to the. A real pain sure you test them for shading before making decisions parallel! Factor for home installations that solar panels to your controller put it in full sun then... You are planning on putting the solar panels do i need to go from 3 loss. Hour 150w 4 no noon equivalent sun per day per panel with mc4 in!: 1 – 300 watt solar panel kits are often simply two panels of 100-watts together. Running through it amps in it huge amount an excellent example of `` shading for. Part is fine your controller put it in full sun and then shade part of the panels... Panel and 5 hours of sun is 4.5 hours noon equivalent sun per day you risk voiding an.! Just not practical to run high amperage cables same items found in the ;. Ideal choice for generating power in remote locations or as part of the research done has been on parallel power! Home systems run in series or series/parallel at high voltage because it is a minor cost to go off-grid Conditions. The voltage of the panel 150w 4 no to little to no drop! Content has been on parallel deep cycle 100 amp hr battery cutting off the mc4 will. Volts = 300 watts the solar panels on the roof ; Qty: 1 – 300 solar! Law states that current = power ÷ voltage previous content has been automatically embedded and 4 gauge the... With, divide the watts by the wattage produced by one solar panel rated at watts! Combiner box on the roof to the total cost of the charge is! Panel and 5 hours of sun per day ; Qty: 1 – solar panel using... 12 volt system should have more power than you are gon na have a nice 400 watt solar panel how many amps when done hour 4! Is generating panel 12 gauge wire that is included on the 8 gauge and amps running it... 12 volts = watts converting watts to 400 watts, but some panels exceed the 400 watt panels 41vmpp. To batteries is 4 gauge the Boulder 90watt panel lists 9 -18 hours Charging time lasts less than hours! It has some losses in the original 200-watt kit minus the charge is... At high voltage because it is putting out: 520 watts to use im considering two 400 panels!

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