Amenhotep IV married Nefertiti at the beginning of his reign. Though his rule was notable for reversing the religious reforms of his father Akhenaten, Tutankhamuns legacy was largely negated by his successors. Its rediscovery has generated a lot of interest in Nefertiti making her the most famous Egyptian queen after Cleopatra. Nefertiti was the Royal Wife of Akhenaten, who was formerly named Amenhotep IV during the earlier years of his reign. Born in 1370 BCE, Nefertiti was the wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten, and the Queen of Egypt. 16 Nov. 2010. She was shown to be wearing the crown of the pharaoh or bravely fighting the enemies in many of the stone sculptures of the time. In my class, we have to do human wax museums. When people think of a mummy, they often envision the early Hollywood-era versions of human forms wrapped in layers upon layers of bandages, arms outstretched as they slowly shuffle read more. Historians believe that she married Akhenaten, who ruled Egypt from 1353 to 1336 B.C. Nefertiti was known as the most beautiful woman in Egypt. Some evidence suggests that she hailed from the town Akhmim and is the daughter or niece of a high official named Ay. During the fourth year of their reign, Nefertiti and her husband changed their names to Akhenaten and Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti. One of Isabella's great accomplishments, which she achieved in Facts On File News Services. Photo: Werner Forman/Universal Images Group/Getty Images, 70 Rare Photos From Princess Dianas Wedding, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Nefertiti, Birth Year: 1370, Birth Country: Egypt. She was born either in the town of Akhmim or in a country located in modern-day Syria. Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten, the name by which he is known today. A British archaeologist believes ancient Egypt's Queen Nefertiti may be buried behind a secret door inside of King Tut's tomb. 1340 BC Limestone, gypsum, crystal and wax Amarna Height 50 cm Inv.- No. Nefertiti then became the Great Royal Wife of Amenhotep IV and along with her husband oversaw arguably the wealthiest period of Ancient Egyptian history. One of the structures, the Mansion of the Benben (hwt-ben-ben), was dedicated to Nefertiti. He was the son of Amenhotep III (1386-1353 BCE) and his wife Tiye, husband of Queen Nefertiti, and father of both Tutankhamun (by a lesser wife named Lady Kiya) and Tutankhamun's wife Ankhsenamun (by Nefertiti). From the great pyramids of the Old Kingdom through the military conquests of the New read more, The Great Sphinx of Giza is a giant 4,500-year-old limestone statue situated near the Great Pyramid in Giza, Egypt. [citation needed] Furthermore, the phrase regarding marriage to 'one of my subjects' (translated by some as 'servants') is possibly either a reference to the Grand Vizier Ay or a secondary member of the Egyptian royal family line. After Akhenatens death Ancient Egypt was ruled by a female pharaoh who went by the name of Neferneferuaten. Family . The Bust of Nefertiti was crafted in 1345 BC by the royal sculptor Thutmose. What was Nefertiti accomplishments? THANK YOU SO MUCH! A year later the Nefertiti bust was put on display in Berlin, countering the English Tut with a German appropriation of ancient glamour. She and her husband established the cult of Aten, the sun god, and promoted Egyptian artwork that was radically different from its predecessors. She is called Dakhamunzu in the Hittite annals, a translation of the Egyptian title Ta hemet nesu (The King's Wife). [20], In the fourth year of his reign, Amenhotep IV decided to move the capital to Akhetaten (modern Amarna). M 21300 This bust is one of the first ranking works of Egyptian art mostly due to the excellent preservation of the colour and the fine modelling of the face. The possible identification is based on her association with the mummy tentatively identified as Ankhesenamun. Nefertiti and her family would have resided in the Great Royal Palace in the centre of the city and possibly at the Northern Palace as well. 18th Dynasty. Nefertiti presenting an image of the goddess Maat to the Aten. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Akhenaton and Nefertiti under the sun god Aton This article has been edited and updated. Legacy. Nefertiti and her husband were known for their radical overhaul of state religious policy, in which they promoted the earliest known form of monotheism, Atenism, centered around the sun disc and its direct connection to the royal household. Nefertiti, whose name means "a beautiful woman has come," was the queen of Egypt and wife of Pharaoh Akhenaten during the 14th century B.C. Nefertiti disappears from the historical record around the 12th year of Akhenatens 17-year reign. Amenhotep III was the Pharaoh of Egypt at the time of Nefertitis birth. An article in KMT magazine in 2001 suggested that the Elder Lady might be Nefertiti. [18], During the early years in Thebes, Akhenaten (still known as Amenhotep IV) had several temples erected at Karnak. World History: Ancient and Medieval Eras. They were happy with many gods. CT scans in 2009 revealed that underneath the surface of smooth painted stucco is the sculptor Thudmose's more realistic limestone carving of a woman with wrinkled cheeks and a bump on her nose. .css-m6thd4{-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:block;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;font-family:Gilroy,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;font-weight:bold;color:#323232;text-transform:capitalize;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-m6thd4:hover{color:link-hover;}}70 Rare Photos From Princess Dianas Wedding, 40 Rarely-Seen Vintage Photos of the Royal Family, 20 Pictures of King Charles III Before He Took the Throne. Talatat representing Nefertiti and Akhenaten worshipping the Aten. They started to build a new city called Amarna midway between Thebes and Memphis and in year seven of the reign the population of Thebes were forced to move to the new city of Amarna. Who Was Nefertiti? Nefertiti and her family would have resided in the Great Royal Palace in the centre of the city and possibly at the Northern Palace as well. She may have ruled briefly with Akhenaten, reigned alone in her own name or served as coregent in the early years of Tutankhamun's reign. It does not store any personal data. [31] It was discovered within Quarry 320 in the largest wadi of the limestone quarry at Dayr Ab innis. Brooklyn Museum. Warm and healthy dish with various veggies and herbs. Main King's Wife, his beloved (hemet-nesut-aat meretef. Nefertari. The details of Nefertitis childhood are not known clearly to the historians. She was probably around 15 at the time. Michelle Moran (Goodreads Author) After her husband died, Nefertiti may have also ruled as pharaoh under the name Neferneferuaten. I learned so much! Nefertiti was an Egyptian queen and consort of King Akhenaten who remains a mystery to researchers even today. They attempted to institute a monotheistic, belief in one god, religion. If Nefertiti did rule Egypt as Pharaoh, it has been theorized that she would have attempted damage control and may have re-instated the ancient Egyptian religion and the Amun priests, and had Tutankhamun raised in with the traditional gods. Studying Nefertiti's last years, and the mummy that might belong to her, we go in search of answers. This fact and other structural anomalies suggest that there could be another chamber there, and Reeves has proposed that it could be the long-missing tomb of Nefertiti. Queen Nefertiti was a teenage wife. Thanks! Nefertiti was a queen of ancient Egypt. children: Ankhesenamun, Meketaten, Meritaten, Neferneferuaten, Neferneferure, Setepenre, Tasherit, See the events in life of Nefertiti in Chronological Order, (Queen of the 18th Dynasty of Ancient Egypt). and may have ruled the New Kingdom outright after her husbands death. [11] According to another theory, Nefertiti was the daughter of Ay and a woman besides Tey, but Ay's first wife died before Nefertiti's rise to the position of queen, whereupon Ay married Tey, making her Nefertiti's stepmother. Nefertiti has co-authored two resources - Building . The background and other details of Tey are not known. The beauty of the iconic Nefertiti bust may only be skin deep. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nefertiti&oldid=1139319500. There is evidence that around Year 12 of Akhenatens reign Nefertiti was elevated to the status of co-regent and was equal in power to the pharaoh. Ay married a woman called Tey. was the chief consort of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten (formerly Amenhotep IV; (reigned c. 1353-36 B.C.E. Nefertiti Biography. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, London, Limestone relief fragment. Since joining DCRC in 2002, Nefertiti has provided professional development and presentations that focus on educating parents, teachers, and administrators on the importance of paying attention to not only how children perform academically, but also how they feel, socially and emotionally. The letter reads:[51]. To get right away from the influences . Spain. And Nefertiti attained the power and status of a Pharaoh and co-ruler with Akhenaten. I had a paper due on Nefertiti and your website is the only one that helped me! 5.what impact did this person have on the social/political climate? The bust of Nefertiti sculpted by the famous sculptor Thutmose gives a detailed description of the features of Nefertiti. However, there have been demands for the return of the bust to Egypt and the Time magazine lists it among the Top 10 Plundered Artifacts. Nefertiti. I like everything that you stated but you need to add a little more details to it and you need to stop talking about what you think about it and just get to the point. Nefertiti. Nefertiti and the pharaoh took an active role in establishing the Aten cult, a religious mythology which defined Aten, the sun, as the most important god and the only one worthy of worship in Egypt's polytheistic canon. Reign of Akhenaten. Royal Ontario Museum. Depending on which reconstruction of the genealogy of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs is followed, her husband Akhenaten may have been the father or . Nefertiti was referred to as Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti. Acquiring Skills. While little is known about Nefertiti's origins, it is believed that she was from an Egyptian town known as Akhmim and was closely related to a high official named Ay. Nefertiti. [55][56][57] The possible candidates are Nefertiti, Meritaten,[58] and Ankhesenamun. He would . Thanks for this, I have to study for a test on ancient kings and queens and one is Nefertiti. It is believed she was 15 when they wed, which may have been before Akhenaten assumed the throne. She married the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten at the age of fifteen and became the Great Royal Wife. and had six daughters, with speculation that they may have also had a son. I am afraid. I had to do a journal entry about Nefertiti, and I had to include her political and cultural achievement, and this website really helped me thank you very much! In that year, Tutankhaten changed his name to Tutankhamun. Nefertiti was the Great Royal Wife of Amenhotep IV / Akhenaten. Meketaten may have died in year 13 or 14. Nefertiti, also called Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti, (flourished 14th century BCE), queen of Egypt and wife of King Akhenaton (formerly Amenhotep IV; reigned c. 1353-36 BCE), who played a prominent role in the cult of the sun god known as the Aton. Thank you so much! [45] However, it was subsequently shown that the 'Elder Lady' is in fact Tiye, mother of Akhenaten. The Aten Cult was destroyed after her death by Tutankhamun. Altes Museum, Berlin. Nefertiti is best known for her painted sandstone bust, which was rediscovered in 1913 and became a global icon of feminine beauty and power. She advised her husband in matters relating to running the state. Their daughter Ankhesenamun would eventually marry her half brother .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Tutankhamun, the future ruler of Egypt. Nefertiti was known for being very beautiful, and her name means "the beautiful one has come.". Its no mystery that she was so important. Nefertiti was a queen in Ancient Egypt who is world renowned for her beauty. Image Credit: Rama, CC BY-SA 3.0 FR , via Wikimedia Commons. While most rulers would think of invading neighbouring kingdoms to expand their territory, Akhenaten's interests solely lied within the confines of Egypt. THANKYOU! Group, 2003. Tyldesley, Joyce. The reason for her disappearance is unknown. I used to call Nefertiti, Nefertini! She is depicted with her daughter Meritaten and in some scenes the princess Meketaten participates as well. this web site is not helpful these things are not accoplishments they are things they would always do. At one point Neferneferuaten employed a scribe to make divine offerings to Amun, pleading for him to return and dispel the kingdoms darkness. Did you know? I don't think I'll ever know why. Nefertiti was chief wife and consort of Amenhotep started their rule in Thebes. Nefertiti was also considered as one of the most powerful queens who ruled Egypt. After Nefertiti had given birth to six daughters, her husband began taking other wives, including his own sister, with whom he fathered the future King Tut (Tutankhamen). Neferneferuaten, this female pharaoh, specifically used the epithet 'Effective for her husband' in one of her cartouches,[27] which means she was either Nefertiti or her daughter Meritaten (who was married to king Smenkhkare). It is suggested that just as a mother and daughter (Tiye and the Younger Lady) were found lying together in KV35, the same was true of these mummies. While in some of the scenes she plays the role of a supporting queen, some show her leading worship of Aten, driving a chariot or striking an enemy. They are known to have had at least six daughters together, including Meritaten, Meketaten, Ankhesenpaaten (later called Ankhesenamun when she married Tutankhamun), Neferneferuaten Tasherit, Neferneferure, and Setepenre. Altes Museum. The name change was one of the greatest depictions of the growing importance of the Aten Cult. Only Akhenaten and Nefertiti were allowed to directly worship the Aten. The frequency is perhaps more than any other queen of ancient Egypt. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. Nefertiti and her husband built a new city Akhetaton in honor of the Aten god. She supported her husband throughout their religious revolution, which changed the Egyptian people from being polytheistic, to becoming monotheistic. Nefertiti's steward during this time was an official named Meryre II. Neferneferuaten Nefertiti was the great royal wife of King Akhenaten and, in contemporary Western culture, is perhaps ancient Egypt's most famous queen - as the iconic bust in the Berlin Museum evinces. [37] It is possible that the unfinished annex of the Royal Tomb was intended for her use. Great Discoveries from the Petrie Museum of Egyptian Archaeology, 2005, Murnane, William J., Texts from the Amarna Period in Egypt, Society of Biblical Literature, 1995, Last edited on 14 February 2023, at 14:18, Horemheb and the Struggle for the Throne of Tutankhamun, "Horemheb and the Struggle for the Throne of Tutankhamun", "Nefertiti - Ancient History - HISTORY.com", "Archaeologist believes hidden passageway in tomb of Tutankhamun leads to resting place of Nefertiti", "Radar Scans in King Tut's Tomb Suggest Hidden Chambers", "Ancestry and pathology in King Tutankhamun's family", "Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family", Staatliche Museen zu Berlin: Egyptian Museum and Papyrus Collection. Nefertiti was the chief wife and consort of Amenhotep who would become known as Akhenaten, the Heretic Pharaoh. After his death, Nefertiti ruled until King Tut succeeded the throne. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. THX, this doesn't have enough information isn't helpful, so much help i love this website!!!!! 12K . Women of Ancient Egypt. Nefertiti Bust of Queen Nefertiti New Kingdom, Dynasty 18, ca. !still in middle school. The following are common types of accomplishments followed by a few more specific examples. [5][6] If Nefertiti did rule as Pharaoh, her reign was marked by the fall of Amarna and relocation of the capital back to the traditional city of Thebes.[7]. [28], Archaeologist and Egyptologist Dr. Zahi Hawass theorized that Nefertiti returned to Thebes from Amarna to rule as Pharaoh, based on ushabti and other feminine evidence of a female pharaoh found in Tutankhamun's tomb, as well as evidence of Nefertiti smiting Egypt's enemies which was a duty reserved to kings.[29]. But like many of history's most important female figures, her legacy has been obscured." Because of this, Nefertiti arranged for her daughter Ankhesenpaaten to marry Tutankhamun, to make sure that she would have considerable influence with the new Pharaoh. Nefertiti also took an active role in bringing religious reforms in Egypt. The painted figure featured a slender neck, gracefully proportioned face and a curious blue cylindrical headpiece of a style only seen in images of Nefertiti. If Nefertiti kept power during and beyond Akhenatens last years, it is possible she began the reversal of her husbands religious polices that would reach fruition during the reign of King Tut. Nefertiti is one of the most well-known ancient Egyptian queens. One day, Nefertiti and her husband woke up to find that one of their daughters died,They were upset over that.After that day no one ever saw Nefertiti again and her records were lost. February 26, 1990 It started as a simple advertisement for a doll of Queen Nefertiti, wife of the heretical Pharaoh Akhenaten who ruled Egypt during its glory days in the 14th century B.C. She is shown appearing behind her husband the pharaoh in offering scenes in the role of the queen supporting her husband, but she is also depicted in scenes that would have normally been the prerogative of the king. Akhenaten was crowned Amenhotep IV and was left behind with a prosperous land. Reign of Akhenaten. [4] Some scholars believe that Nefertiti ruled briefly as Neferneferuaten after her husband's death and before the ascension of Tutankhamun, although this identification is a matter of ongoing debate. Some scholars believe she died, while others speculate she was elevated to the status of co-regentequal in power to the pharaohand began to dress herself as a man. Her name means "A Beautiful Woman Has Come." Early Life Very little is known about Nefertiti's birth or childhood. Many paintings and statues survive to this day which depict her beauty. Head statue of Nefertiti, Altes Museum, Berlin. 2014. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. She is now known as a beautiful, versatile and powerful figure of ancient Egypt. She ruled Egypt for around 2 years. Required fields are marked *. Warm and healthy dish with various veggies and herbs. You might give me one of your sons to become my husband. Aten Cult was monotheistic and did not support the existence of any other god than Aten. It is also one of the most recognizable read more, A tomb is a house, chamber or vault for the dead. She ruled alongside her husband during the 14th century B.C. Samson, Julia. With her husband, she reigned at what was arguably the wealthiest period of ancient Egyptian history. [23] The last dated inscription naming her and Akhenaten comes from a building inscription in the limestone quarry at Dayr Ab innis. At the same time, no sources exist that directly contradict Ay's fatherhood which is considered likely due to the great influence he wielded during Nefertiti's life and after her death. She had a few accomplishments to make to become who she was. She changed her name to 'Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti' or 'The Aten is radiant because the-beautiful one has come'. Brooklyn Museum. Although Nefertiti was not his only wife, Akhenaten is shown openly displaying love for Nefertiti and their daughters, which is uncommon in depictions. Amenhotep IV changed his name to Akhenaten (also seen as "Akenhaten" in some references) to honor the deity. Therefore, the rule of the female Amarna pharaoh known as Neferneferuaten must be placed between the death of Akhenaten and the accession of Tutankhamun. Nefertiti (pronounced at the time something like *nafratita [1]) (c. 1370 BC - c. 1330 BC) was the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten. Other theories suggest she became known as Pharaoh Smenkhkare, ruling Egypt after her husbands death or that she was exiled when the worship of the deity Amen-Ra came back into vogue. Her husband always attempted to depict her as an equal. From Amarna, Egypt. Millard, Anne, Richard Rockwood, and Rob Shone. Detroit: Thomson/Gale, 2005. Accomplishments - Nefertiti Nefertiti was famous and was a queen ,but there was alot of thing she had to do. Nefertiti and Akhenaten attempted to change the polytheistic, belief in many gods, religion of Egypt. Till now there is no agreement among the archeologists whether the mummy was indeed of Nefertiti. As she did not have a son, she even tried to consolidate her power by marrying one of the sons of the Hittie emperor, Suppiluliuma I. This and many of the other things I have just mentioned are some of the many accomplishments of Nefertiti. Another is a small inlay head (Petrie Museum Number UC103) modeled from reddish-brown quartzite that was clearly intended to fit into a larger composition. Fast Facts: Queen Nefertiti Known For: Ancient queen of Egypt Also Known As: Hereditary Princess, Great of Praises, Lady of Grace, Sweet of Love, Lady of The Two Lands, Main King's Wife, his beloved, Great King's Wife, Lady of all Women, and Mistress of Upper and Lower Egypt Born: c. 1370 BCE in Thebes Parents: Unknown Amenhotep IV built several structures at Karnak. She lived during the New Kingdom Period and was a member of Egypt's 19th Dynasty. This article is about the Ancient Egyptian queen. thank you sooooo much! In his fifth year, Amenhotep IV officially changed his name to Akhenaten, and Nefertiti was henceforth known as Neferneferuaten-Nefertiti. This usually indicates that that person has died and there is some more evidence which suggests that Nefertiti died around that time. A bust of Queen Nefertiti discovered in 1912 is one of the widely acknowledged symbols of antiquated Egypt. [24] Business Recovery. Death Year: 1330, Death Country: Egypt, Article Title: Nefertiti Biography, Author: Biography.com Editors, Website Name: The Biography.com website, Url: https://www.biography.com/royalty/nefertiti, Publisher: A&E; Television Networks, Last Updated: April 14, 2021, Original Published Date: April 2, 2014. Neferneferuaten Nefertiti is one of the most famous women is history. 16 Nov. 2010. 1. In the damaged tomb (TT188) of the royal butler Parennefer, the new king Amenhotep IV is accompanied by a royal woman, and this lady is thought to be an early depiction of Nefertiti. Her husband always attempted to depict her as an equal. She supported her husband throughout their religious revolution, which changed the Egyptian people from being polytheistic,to becoming monotheistic. Thanks I had to do a speech on her.. and I got a A+!!!! It is believed that she lived from around 1370 B.C. It created a sensation and it soon made Nefertiti a world renowned icon of feminine beauty. DNA analysis did not yield enough data to make a definitive identification but confirmed she was a member of the Eighteenth Dynasty royal line. Nefertiti had only produced daughters but she arranged for her daughter Ankhesenpaaten to marry Tutankhamun ensuring that she would have considerable influence with the new Pharaoh. From inscriptions it can be deduced that Nefertiti and Akhenaten had at least six daughters. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. For other uses, see, For other individuals named Neferneferuaten, see, Alabaster sunken relief depicting Akhenaten, Nefertiti, and daughter Meritaten. Although, Nefertiti only had daughters. The exact date when Nefertiti married Amenhotep III's son, the future pharaoh Amenhotep IV, is unknown. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. Site contains certain content that is owned A&E Television Networks, LLC. This list is the best books about them (singly or as a couple), fiction & non fiction. Their palace was shifted to the new city. Reign of Akhenaten, probably early Amarna Period. Reign of Akhenaten. The New Book of Pharaohs. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Many parts of her life including her origins and death remain a mystery. 3. Sharp, Anne Wallace. Akhenaten and Tutankhamen: the Religious Revolution. flag. 2.describe their life changing moment, events which shaped who they evntually. Some say that she was Pharaoh Akhenaten's consort of the same name, though other venerable Setites like Neferu might question such a claim. According the Aten Cult, there was only one single god, viz. Anyway thanks for everything!!! Nefertiti was chief wife and consort of Amenhotep started their rule in Thebes. The third daughter of Nerfertiti was married to Tutankhamun who later became the king of Egypt. A possible 3-course menu for 6 people who don't like nuts or seafood is: Starter: Vegetable soup with gluten-free bread. The iconic bust of Nefertiti, discovered by Ludwig Borchardt, is part of the gyptisches Museum Berlin collection, currently on display in the Altes Museum. The City's first Community Displacement Prevention Officer will lead the development of programming & outreach efforts. Nefertiti was perhaps one of the most powerful women ever to have ruled. Louvre Museum, Paris. [21], The boundary stelae of years 4 and 5 mark the boundaries of the new city and suggest that the move to the new city of Akhetaten occurred around that time. The use of Nefertitis name made her one of the primary candidates but her likely death in Year 12 ruled her out. [53][54], The identity of the queen who wrote the letter is uncertain. She represented the female aspect of the God and along with her husband, was a bridge between God Aten and the citizens. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Nefertiti was also considered as one of the most powerful queens who ruled Egypt. They say about you that you have many sons. ). But despite this great power, Nefertiti disappears from all depictions after 12 years. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Web. Others believe Nefertiti came from a foreign country. [47], On 9 June 2003 archaeologist Joann Fletcher, a specialist in ancient hair from the University of York in England, announced that Nefertiti's mummy may have been the Younger Lady. [39] The unfinished Tomb 29, which would have been of very similar dimensions to the Royal Tomb had it been finished, is the most likely candidate for a tomb begun for Nefertiti's exclusive use.
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