1910.12 Construction work. (2) Each circular resaw (other than self-feed saws with a roller or wheel at back of the saw) shall be provided with a spreader fastened securely behind the saw. The adjustments shall be made before performing the stopping time measurements required by paragraphs (h)(2)(ii), (h)(5)(iii), and (h)(9)(v) of this section. Each time the operational conditions are significantly changed (including environmental, application or facility changes, but excluding such changes as die changes or press relocations not involving revision to the safety system); c. When a failure of a significant component has occurred or a change has been made which may affect safety; or. A separate drafting site (2) The report shall include the following information: (i) Employer's name, address and location of the workplace (establishment). Each reaction time required to calculate the Safety Distance, including the brake monitor setting, shall be documented in separate reaction time tests. 1910.335 Safeguards for personnel protection. Cranks and connecting rods, when exposed to contact, shall be guarded in accordance with paragraphs (m) and (n) of this section, or by a guardrail as described in paragraph (o)(5) of this section. Shafting under bench machines shall be enclosed by a stationary casing, or by a trough at sides and top or sides and bottom, as location requires. 1910.23 Ladders. 1910.402 Definitions. The safety trip control shall be one of the following types or a combination thereof: (i) Pressure-sensitive body bars. (ii) Two-hand trip systems on full revolution clutch machines shall incorporate an antirepeat feature. Under this provision, a catwalk or runway must be at least 18 inches wide. (5) Saw frames or tables shall be constructed with lugs cast on the frame or with an equivalent means to limit the size of the saw blade that can be mounted, so as to avoid overspeed caused by mounting a saw larger than intended. b. If they sound cracked (dead), they shall not be used. (xi) Where there is more than one operator of a press used for PSDI, each operator shall be protected by a separate, independently functioning, presence sensing device. Examples of guarding methods are - barrier guards, two-hand tripping devices, electronic safety devices, etc. 1910.7 Definition and requirements for a nationally recognized testing laboratory. While the brake monitor setting is based on the stopping time it actually measures, i.e., the normal stopping time at the top of the stroke, it is important that the safety distance be computed from the longest stopping time measured at any of the indicated three downstroke stopping positions listed in the explanation of Ts. If the belt is of the endless type or laced with rawhide laces, and a belt shifter is not desired, the belt will be considered guarded if the nip point of the belt and pulley is protected by a nip point guard located in front of the cone extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone, and formed to show the contour of the cone in order to give the nip point of the belt and pulley the maximum protection. Tests which are conducted by the manufacturers of electrical components to establish stress, life, temperature and loading limits must be tests which are in compliance with the provisions of the National Electrical Code. 2. 1 Note: Must be large enough to extend beyond the bushing. Exceptions are set forth in the remaining subdivisions of this subparagraph. (See Figures O-12 and O-13), (6) Swing frame grinders. The timer shall be manually adjustable, to a maximum time of 30 seconds. The test report shall be signed by a technical staff representative and the Technical Director. 1910.133 Eye and face protection. The work rest shall be securely clamped after each adjustment. Preliminary approval. Where explosives, explosive dusts, flammable vapors or flammable liquids exist, the hazard of static sparks from shafting shall be carefully considered. 1910.15 Shipyard employment. This table shows the distances that guards shall be positioned from the danger line in accordance with the required openings. single strand V-belts, the width of which is thirteen thirty-seconds (1332) inch or less. The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is the official legal print publication containing the codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the departments and agencies of the Federal Government. A copy of the test report shall be maintained on file at the validation organization and/or validating laboratory, and shall be available to OSHA upon request. (3) For the Textile Industry, because of the presence of excessive deposits of lint, which constitute a serious fire hazard, the sides and face sections only of nip-point belt and pulley guards are required, provided the guard shall extend at least six (6) inches beyond the rim of the pulley on the in-running and off-running sides of the belt and at least two (2) inches away from the rim and face of the pulley in all other directions. 1910.1096 Ionizing radiation. Appendix A to Subpart L of Part 1910Fire Protection The exception in paragraph (b)(7)(xi) of this section for controls manufactured and installed before August 31, 1971, is not applicable under this paragraph (c)(5). (vii) The two hand control device shall protect the operator as specified in paragraph (c)(3)(i)(e) of this section. Belts which of necessity must be shifted by hand and belts within seven (7) feet of the floor or working platform which are not guarded in accordance with this section shall not be fastened with metal in any case, nor with any other fastening which by construction or wear will constitute an accident hazard. (iii) Where brake engagement and clutch release is effected by spring action, such spring(s) shall operate in compression on a rod or within a hole or tube, and shall be of non-interleaving design. Bandsaw wheels shall be fully encased. (i) Spring counterbalance systems when used shall incorporate means to retain system parts in event of breakage. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides for safety guards used on cutting-off machines and on surface grinding machines which employ the wheel periphery shall not exceed 150. The use of belt poles as substitutes for mechanical shifters is not recommended. 1910.124 General requirements for dipping and coating operations. Limitation: Minimum back thickness, E dimension, should not be less than one-fourth T dimension. After installation of point of operation guards and before a job is released for operation a check should be made to verify that the guard will prevent the operator's hands from reaching the point of operation. e. The generation of the test signal introduced into the system for measuring reaction time shall be such that the initiation time can be established with an error of less than 0.5 percent of the reaction time measured. This content is from the eCFR and may include recent changes applied to the CFR. Subpart GOccupational Health and Environmental Control. An open space, not exceeding four (4) inches in width, may be left between the outside edge of the disk and the rim of the wheel if desired, to facilitate turning the wheel over. Vertical and inclined shafting seven (7) feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting maintenance runways, shall be enclosed with a stationary casing in accordance with requirements of paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section. (i) The cone belt and pulley shall be equipped with a belt shifter so constructed as to adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley. tensile strength 50,000 p.s.i.) (ii) The spindle end, nut, and outer flange may be exposed on machines designed as portable saws. The materials and dimensions specified in this paragraph shall apply to all guards, except horizontal overhead belts, rope, cable, or chain guards more than seven (7) feet above floor, or platform. tensile strength 60,000 p.s.i.) (iv) single strand V-belts, the width of which is thirteen thirty-seconds (1332) inch or less. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides for safety guards used on machines known as swing frame grinding machines shall not exceed 180, and the top half of the wheel shall be enclosed at all times. The upper run shall be so guarded as to prevent contact therewith either by the worker or by objects carried by him. SOURCE: 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. ), (7) Automatic snagging machines. All drip cups and pans shall be securely fastened. (ix) Diamond wheels, except certain vitrified diamond wheels. This exception also is referred to as the "minor servicing exception." above floor level. The employer shall provide means for handling scrap from roll feed or random length stock operations. All upsetters shall be installed so that they remain on their supporting foundations. 1910.37 Maintenance, safeguards, and operational features for exit routes. This appendix provides employers, manufacturers, and their representatives, with nonmandatory guidelines for use in developing certification documents. (41) Knockout means a mechanism for releasing material from either die. (4) This section covers the principal features with which power transmission safeguards shall comply. All foot operated devices (i.e., treadles, pedals, bars, valves, and switches) shall be substantially and effectively protected from unintended operation. a. (2) Boring bits should be provided with a guard that will enclose all portions of the bit and chuck above the material being worked. (1) Machine guarding. 1910.215 Abrasive wheel machinery. (1) This section covers all types and shapes of power-transmission belts, except the following when operating at two hundred and fifty (250) feet per minute or less: (i) Flat belts one (1) inch or less in width. 1910.1030 Bloodborne pathogens. A recognized validation organization may voluntarily terminate its recognition, either in its entirety or with respect to any area covered in its recognition, by giving written notice to OSHA at any time. (1) Belts include all power transmission belts, such as flat belts, round belts, V-belts, etc., unless otherwise specified. (2) Instruction to operators. Rivet making with less than 1-inch diameter is usually a cold forging operation, and therefore not included in this subpart. These guards shall cover at least the unused part of the periphery of the cutting head. The adjustment shall not be made with the wheel in motion. Overhead rope drive and block and roller-chain-drive guards shall be not less than six (6) inches wider than the drive on each side. (1) Keys. The intent of paragraph (h)(9)(iii) is to prohibit use of mirrors to bend a single light curtain sensing field around corners to cover more than one side of a press. (vi) The adjustable barrier guard shall be securely attached to the press bed, bolster plate, or die shoe, and shall be adjusted and operated in conformity with Table O-10 and the requirements of this subparagraph. (63) Authorized person means one to whom the authority and responsibility to perform a specific assignment has been given by the employer. Scrap cutters used in conjunction with scrap handling systems shall be safeguarded in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section and with 1910.219. 1910.102 Acetylene. (iii) When presses used in the PSDI mode have flywheel or bullgear running on crankshaft mounted journals and bearings, or a flywheel mounted on back shaft journals and bearings, periodic inspections following the press manufacturer's recommendations shall be made to ascertain that bearings are in good working order, and that automatic lubrication systems for these bearings (if automatic lubrication is provided) are supplying proper lubrication. 1910.1045 Acrylonitrile. (44) Pinch point means any point other than the point of operation at which it is possible for a part of the body to be caught between the moving parts of a press or auxiliary equipment, or between moving and stationary parts of a press or auxiliary equipment or between the material and moving part or parts of the press or auxiliary equipment. 1910.98 Effective dates. (c) The device shall be constructed so that a failure within the system does not prevent the normal stopping action from being applied to the press when required, but does prevent the initiation of a successive stroke until the failure is corrected. b. The requirement in paragraph (h)(3)(i)(C) is intended to prevent degradation in stoping speed from higher air pressure. Vertical belts. (ii) The vertical clearance in passageways between the floor and power transmission beams, ceiling, or any other objects, is not less than five feet six inches (5 ft. 6 in.). Conveyors are a wonderful invention and conveyor safety is important. (2) Shutoff valve. (1) Feed rolls of self-feed sanding machines shall be protected with a semicylindrical guard to prevent the hands of the operator from coming in contact with the in-running rolls at any point. The manufacturer's recommended minimum lining depth shall be identified and documented, and an evaluation made that the minimum depth will not be exceeded before the next (annual) recertification/revalidation. The test(s) shall document the range of object diameter sizes which will produce both single and double break conditions. Production shall not be done in the inch mode. (i) All exposed parts of horizontal shafting seven (7) feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting runways used exclusively for oiling, or running adjustments, shall be protected by a stationary casing enclosing shafting completely or by a trough enclosing sides and top or sides and bottom of shafting as location requires. Immediately before mounting, all wheels shall be closely inspected and sounded by the user (ring test) to make sure they have not been damaged in transit, storage, or otherwise. Steel castings (min. e-CFR 1910.219 (a) General requirements. D. Similarity analysis may be used in lieu of tests where it can be shown that the article is similar in design, manufacturing process, and quality control to another article that was previously certified/validated in accordance with equivalent or more stringent criteria. 1910.9 Compliance duties owed to each employee. Ts = Longest press stopping time, in seconds, computed by taking averages of multiple measurements at each of three positions (45 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees) of crankshaft angular position; the longest of the three averages is the stopping time to use. and 2. for the combined position. The spreader shall be slightly thinner than the saw kerf and slightly thicker than the saw disk. 3. The interior surface of all guards, by which is meant the surface of the guard with which a belt will come in contact, shall be smooth and free from all projections of any character, except where construction demands it; protruding shallow roundhead rivets may be used. If made of metal shapes or bars, their section shall be equal in strength to that of one and one-half (112) by one and one-half (112) by three-sixteenths (316) inch angle iron. 1910.1028 Benzene. However, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health developed a mathematical model that helps predict the risk of injury based on the weight being lifted and accounts for many additional factors. (iii) Table O-8 and Figure O-35 show minimum dimensions for straight flanges that are an integral part of wheel sleeves which are frequently used on precision grinding machines. (1) All portions of the saw blade shall be enclosed or guarded, except for the working portion of the blade between the bottom of the guide rolls and the table. (vi) The control system shall incorporate a timer to deactivate PSDI when the press does not stroke within the period of time set by the timer. (C) Maintain a certification record of each inspection, and each maintenance and repair task performed, under the general component of the inspection program that includes the date of the inspection, maintenance, or repair work, the signature of the person who performed the inspection, maintenance, or repair work, and the serial number, or other identifier, of the power press inspected, maintained, and repaired. The guard shall effectively keep the operator's hand from coming in contact with the revolving knives. When mounting wheels which have not been cemented together, or ones which do not utilize separating spacers, care must be exercised to use wheels specially manufactured for that purpose. Maximum hole size for all other applications should not exceed one-half wheel diameter. They shall be continuous, the ends being either riveted, bolted, or welded together in such a manner as to leave the inside free from projections. Surface Feet per minute .262 24 1,000 = 6,288 s.f.p.m. A hearing will be granted to an objecting member of the public only if evidence of failure to meet the requirements of this appendix is supplied to OSHA. of this appendix, subject to the possible reinspection exception. 1910.101 Compressed gases (general requirements). (i) Wood guards may be used in the woodworking and chemical industries, in industries where the presence of fumes or where manufacturing conditions would cause the rapid deterioration of metal guards; also in construction work and in locations outdoors where extreme cold or extreme heat make metal guards and railings undesirable. Content of application. A means of air lubrication shall be provided when needed. Lubrication of bearings is considered the single greatest deterrent to their failure. The results shall document the conditions under which the brake and/or clutch will and will not comply with the requirement. 1910.309-1910.330 [Reserved], 1910.331 Scope. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration's (OSHA's) requirements for machine guarding are found in 29 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 1910 Subpart O, Machinery and Machine Guarding as detailed below; 1910.211 Definitions; 1910.212 General requirements for all machines; . Page 1 of 4 | Conveyor Hazards Safety Factsheet: Hazards of Conveyors Conveyors are used to transport materials . (iii) Safety tripwire cable or wire center cord. a. b. (ii) The employer shall certify that employees have been trained by preparing a certification record which includes the identity of the person trained, the signature of the employer or the person who conducted the training, and the date the training was completed. If no exceptions are filed, this is the final decision of the Department of Labor. Equip.) The requirement in paragraph (h)(2)(ii) defines a high torque capability which should ensure fast and consistent stopping times. You can learn more about the process PART 1910 - OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS Source: 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. 6.a. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(9)(iv). a. (The operational and installation requirements of the PSDI safety system may vary for different applications.). If the press has a slide counterbalance system, it is important that the counterbalance be adjusted correctly for upper die weight according to the manufacturer's instructions. (i) Guardrail shall be forty-two (42) inches in height, with midrail between top rail and floor. (11) Safety system certification/validation. (ii) Where suspended counterweights are used and not guarded by location, they shall be so encased as to prevent accident. OSHA has two standards specific to conveyors, its 1910 standard applying to general industry. (i) Expanded metal, sheet or perforated metal, and wire mesh shall be securely fastened to frame. Compliance with 1910.217(h)(7). All sprocket wheels and chains shall be enclosed unless they are more than seven (7) feet above the floor or platform. Gears shall be guarded in accordance with one of the following methods: (ii) By a standard guard as described in paragraph (o) of this section, at least seven (7) feet high extending six (6) inches above the mesh point of the gears; or. All mills irrespective of the size of the rolls or their arrangement (individually or group-driven) shall be stopped within a distance, as measured in inches of surface travel, not greater than 112 percent of the peripheral no-load surface speeds of the respective rolls as determined in feet per minute. Revolving drums, barrels, and containers shall be guarded by an enclosure which is interlocked with the drive mechanism, so that the barrel, drum, or container cannot revolve unless the guard enclosure is in place. 1910.147 The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout). The test specifications and procedures shall be made available upon request to the validation organization. (6) Tonnage, stroke, and weight designation. The triprods shall be accessible and shall operate readily whether the rods are pushed or pulled. It should be noted that the sensing device would be by-passed in the inch mode. "Published Edition". (ii) A pad with a nonslip contact area shall be firmly attached to the pedal. (2) Guard design. 3. (iv) There are three general types of flanges: (a) Straight relieved flanges (see Figure O-32); (b) Straight unrelieved flanges (see Figure O-30); (c) Adaptor flanges (see Figures O-33 and O-34); (v) Regardless of flange type used, the wheel shall always be guarded. This subparagraph does not apply to manually operated sprockets.
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