They were clubbed, stabbed or shot at point-blank range, then stripped and left to be scavenged by wolves and buzzards. No other group of people [comes] close.. The nation was and remains horrified by what happened at Mountain Meadows. A later biography of Ann Eliza Young termed her The Twenty-Seventh Wife. Militia orders to the Mormon army carried Youngs words on the reverse: Shed no blood., When the books are opened in the day of judgment, declared an associate who was at his side in 1857, these things will be proven to heaven and earth.. Elder Jeffrey R. Holland of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints spoke Monday to staff at Brigham Young University (BYU) during the first day of the institution's 2021 University Conference.. A devoted missionary and supporter of Smith, Young was ordained as one of the original members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, a church governing body, in 1835; he became its president four years later. Although it would be ten more years before Congress officially made polygamy illegal, this provided further conflict with federal officials. The Taylor Mill Police Department (TMPD). He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). Haight then turned the gun on himself. What are the 4 major sources of law in Zimbabwe? The emigrants fell back to a defensive position, and the ambush became a siege. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? 1940. She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. (1975) "Letters of Brigham Young to His Sons Dean C. Jessee," BYU Studies Quarterly: Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. Young denounced Justice Perry Brocchus as either profoundly ignorant or corruptly wicked soon after his arrival, and ultimately all three federal officers gave up hopes of effective cooperation and left the territory. Anti-Mormons have long claimed that Mormon leader Brigham Young ordered the massacre. But, I can hear Mormon historians object, this is purely circumstantial evidence Young actually ordered the killings. Could be, but its no more circumstantial than the evidence O.J. Youngs defiant stance toward outside authority meant frequent clashes with the federal government, especially after the churchs public embrace of plural marriage in 1852. Happyness (Skit) 05. In 1838, Joseph Smith purchased an Egyptian mummy and a set of papyri. Will Bagley, a history columnist for the Salt Lake Tribune, is the author of Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows published by the University of Oklahoma Press. And the suppressing of evidence, Andrew Hamilton said in 1735, ought always be taken for the best evidence.. Because the historical past will always be opaque, historians must seek the weight of evidence, and in this case, the preponderance suggests Youngs innocence. Even though Mormon scriptures had numerous rules governing polygamy that included requirements that the first wife approve of subsequent marriages and bans on one man marrying mothers, daughters, or sisters, the rules were completely disregarded. It misfired six times, and he then pointed it at a post and all six shots discharged properly" (Remembering Joseph" by Mark L. McConkie, 73-74). The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. Apparently I succeeded, since critics in the employ of the LDS Church claim I dont prove Brigham Young ordered the murders. Unfortunately, these actions and the menacing content of Sidney Rigdons July 4 speech led to Governor Lilburn Boggs signing an order to exterminate all Mormons in Missouri. Finally, why has so much evidence been destroyed or purged from Mormon archives, and why has so much evidence been suppressed? not to spare horseflesh. He didnt. In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. Following Haights orders, Lee negotiated a cease fire with the wagon company on September 11. Stubborn facts. They looted and gutted shops and set fire to numerous homes, stores, and government buildings until nearly all homes in Daviess County not owned by Mormons were destroyed. Then rumors began to arise that the pioneers had been destroying fences, burning fields, and making threats against the Mormons, although none of the rumors were ever substantiated. Most recently, Will Bagley made this case in his 2002 book, Blood of the Prophets. Even on the day of the slaughter, couriers were reportedly hurrying from Cedar City30 miles to the eastto call it off. With Congress repeatedly rejecting proposals for Utah statehood, Young firmly resisted the territorys involvement in the Civil War, especially after passage of the Morrill Anti-Bigamy Act in 1862, which effectively outlawed plural marriage in U.S. territories. Then, his relationship with Joseph Smith (depicted above in a statue at the Temple Squares North Visitors Center) suffered due to a number of factors that strained the friendship including when Smith tried to marry Rigdons daughter (while Smith was already married) and his refusal to support polygamy. Though many suspected Young of ordering or at least covering up the attack, John Lee, an adopted son of Youngs, was the only Mormon brought to trial for the Mountain Meadows massacre; he was executed in 1877. John G. Turner. But we only make the tragedy worse by saying that it was something other than what it wasby trying to fit events into a pre-conceived theory of conspiracy. She, her husband Nate and their now 2-month-old son Luke fled their home in East Palestine the night of the train derailment to her mother's house about 14 to 15 miles away. Director Henry Hathaway Writers Louis Bromfield Lamar Trotti (screenplay) Stars Tyrone Power Linda Darnell Dean Jagger Two years later, Young read more, Born in Eisleben, Germany, in 1483, Martin Luther went on to become one of Western historys most significant figures. Young died in Salt Lake City, Utah Territory at the age of 80. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phineas_Young&oldid=1133790119, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 14:54. This week, as America mourned those lost in the terrorist attacks of 9/11, some Mormons quietly remembered another tragedy that took place on the same day 144 years earlier: the Mountain Meadows Massacre, in which a group of Mormons militia members killed about 120 men, women, and children in cold blood. Called to organize and lead the Mormon Raiders which consisted of 100 men. Western Pride Enterprise. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. However, Smith told as many as 10 versions of the story and many had serious contradictions. The only ones spared were 17 children under the age of eight, who were taken in by local Mormon families, and would later testify they saw their parents clothes and jewels being worn by locals. Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. Mormons are a religious group that embrace concepts of Christianity as well as revelations made by their founder, Joseph Smith. DJ Ferguson, who . During Wyatt Earps later years, while he was living in Hollywood, were there any silent films or voice recordings made of him. What are the answers to studies weekly week 26 social studies? Likewise, John D. Lee, the only man convicted of the murders, was repeatedly offered leniency in exchange for incriminating Youngthe last offer was made just moments before his execution. The following are a few facts necessary for an understanding of this terrible event in Western and Mormon history. Since John Willard was ordained at such a young age, after the death of President Lorenzo Snow, he would have become the next president of the Church instead of President Joseph Fielding Smith. Over the next few decades, as thousands of Mormons arrived in Salt Lake City, the charismatic Young styled himself after the great prophets and leaders of ancient Israel, earning nicknames like Lion of the Lord and American Moses.. What is are the functions of diverse organisms? Subscribe for fascinating stories connecting the past to the present. . Writing a polemic trying to blame Brigham Young would be self-defeating, just as writing an apologia to clear his skirts would ultimately have to justify murder. In this period, militia leaders at Cedar City and at Mountain Meadows changed their minds several times whether the killing should go forward. His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. Young unambiguously condoned the attack afterwards. The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. Everybody (Source Codes) The second explanation is that the massacre was a calculated act of vengeance. But its not a formula for good history. It is alarming to see how intensely and openly the family is under attack in contemporary society. Further, Joseph H. Jackson, a new arrival to Nauvoo who had a shady past, later claimed in his memoirs that Joseph Smith offered him $3,000 to free Rockwell from prison and shoot Boggs. These men later insisted that no orders had come from Salt Lake City, and this testimony included that given by those who in later life left Utah and Mormonism. He is called the "American Moses" because of his leadership of the "Mormon Exodus" to the western territories. In an address he gave at General Conference (a semi-annual meeting of the Latter-day Saints), he announced, Shall I tell you the law of God in regard to the African race? Ann Eliza Webb, after she decided to divorce Young in 1873, published an expos entitled Wife No. When I learned that Orrin Porter Rockwell, the notorious Mormon lawman and Danite, had rushed Mrs. Pratt across the plains in record time, I knew what happened at Mountain Meadows. Most Mormons are aware that Young instituted a ban on black people holding Church leadership positions and entering their temples, but few are aware of how extreme he was. Bad Hands 03. His sisters were: Nancy Young Kent Fanny Young Murray Rhoda Young Green Nabby Young (who died young) Susannah Young Little Louisa. Polygamy has long been a blight on Mormonisms public relations. There are no other trains going south that I know of. Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. They are also among a cadre of doctors across the country who are confronting mounting intimidation on social media, and threats of violence. While it started with a small group of adherents, many historians regard read more, The political and religious leader Roger Williams (c. 1603?-1683) is best known for founding the state of Rhode Island and advocating separation of church and state in Colonial America. show. One wife of Apostle Orson Pratt actually died of neglect after getting sick while living in poverty because he wouldnt allocate enough money for her care. Born into poverty in Vermont in 1801, Young later moved with his family to western New York, where he worked as a carpenter and craftsman. 52 or thereabouts. Meanwhile, someone attempted to assassinate Governor Boggs, shooting him twice through the skull, once in the neck, and once in the throat. The Indians we expect will do as they please but you should try and preserve good feelings with them. The seeing of our faithful Elders slaughtered in cold blood, he wrote after his friends death, is at times almost to[o] grevious to be borne, but as the Spirit within me whispers, peace be still. This advice was never changed. Was brigham young stabbed by a son named Phineas? All Rights Reserved. . He was the president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death. Justice John F. Kinney was appointed in 1854, and quickly fought with Young over statutes designed to protect polygamists. On the 7th, Lee attacked with militia men and some Paiute Indians he had recruited. However, President Snow announced apostolic seniority should be gauged by the entry date into the Quorum of the Twelve, making Joseph Fielding Smith the next prophet. History is often presented to young students within a single interpretative framework with little suggestion of the existence of alternative historical interpretations. After spending the winter of 1846-47 in a camp along the Missouri River between Iowa and Nebraska, Young headed further west with 142 men, including six apostles, three women and two children, in April 1847. And why does the Deseret News continue lying about Mountain Meadows to this day? At first, it blamed Indians; later, it claimed a rogue church official was responsibleand after two trials, Mormon militia leader John Lee was hanged in 1877 for the killings. In 1853, he became the second counselor to David Fullmer in the presidency of the Salt Lake Stake of the church. Published Aug. 16, 2021 Updated Aug. 17, 2021 At Brigham Young University in Provo, Utah, beards have been banned on campus since the rise of the counterculture movement, when they were thought. Appointed governor by President Millard Fillmore, Brigham Young was able to continue imposing his will on the territory politically as well as ecclesiastically. Finally, it is also a matter of historical record that none of the Indian leaders at the Salt Lake council were later at Mountain Meadows, except the Southern Ute leader, Ammon, who tried to prevent the massacre. However, the scrolls that he used to translate were believed for years to have been burned in a fire. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints has steadfastly denied responsibility. Rockwell never directly denied the crime, even when he was tried for it, insisting, Ive never shot at anybody. As the pioneers entered Utah, Brigham Young forbade everyone from selling them much-needed supplies. For instance, during his time with Zion's Camp, cholera swept among the men and he watched "other men die like flies, but his own life was spared" ("Brigham Young on Life and Death"). Cold Milk 07. Trumpeter Keyon . Brigham Young later privately set apart three other sons and Joseph F. Smith as apostles who served as "assistant Counselors to the First Presidency.". On September 4, Mormon stake president and major in the Nauvoo Legion Isaac Haight ordered Legion member John D. Lee to lead an attack on the company. On August 29, 1877, Brigham Young died in Salt Lake City at the age of 76. Their beliefs on the subject extend so far as to dictate that a prophet can never lead people astray. Throughout the revolution, Brigham Young (pictured) is revered by Mormons as the second prophet of modern times. Sharon Smith & Mike Leach Were Friends at Brigham Young University; Mike Used to Visit Her Apartment to Watch Television Sharon Smith and Mike Leach both attended Brigham Young University. Death is not the end of our existencejust a change in our being. A flyer passed out by a neo-Nazi group outside Brigham and Womens Hospital in Boston on January 22, 2022 targeting anti-racism physicians. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. While this Indian council is important and requires extended scholarly discussion, this much can be said: No evidence suggests the councils focus was the Baker-Fancher party, much less its destruction. He announced that they were scrolls written by Abraham and, a year later, he said he translated the hieroglyphics by the power of God. They primarily belong to The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, or LDS, which is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has more than 16 read more, When Brigham Young and his band of Mormon settlers marched into Utah in 1847, they saw a vast expanse of land they envisioned as a sanctuary. Brigham Young was a rough-hewn craftsman from New York whose impoverished and obscure life was electrified by the Mormon faith. Phineas' wife Clarissa was also baptized about this same time. TUCKER CARLSON: You always imagine in your mind's eye that it's evil men who destroy society: wild-eyed, spit-flecked dictators pounding the podium to demand the annihilation of their enemies. Beginning in the 12th century and continuing for hundreds of years, the Inquisition is infamous for the severity of its tortures and its read more. When I began writing about the massacre, I realized trying to prove anything about this appalling crime would prove only that I was an idiot. Brigham Young. A US hospital has rejected a patient for a heart transplant at least in part because he is not vaccinated against Covid-19. Fiery yet full of doubt, frequently ill yet strong when it . In 1832, he was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the religion founded by Joseph Smith in 1830 based on the Book of Mormon, a scripture that Smith claimed to have translated from gold plates given to him by an angel named Moroni. Niggas Sooooo Good 06. But lets back up a little farther to see why. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. Yet no narrative has a daily summary of what went on using the rich documents compiled at the time or the growing body of historical literature on the topic. According to Todd Compton, a Mormon historian and author ofJohn Willard Young, Brigham Young, and the Development of Presidential Succession in the LDS Church, John Willard Young was the youngest person ever ordained an apostle, which happened during a private event in 1855. And in the fall of 1842, Brigham Young faced a mysterious and deadly illness. Jamie founded Listverse due to an insatiable desire to share fascinating, obscure, and bizarre facts. Why? This video is private Watch on My dear brothers and sisters, Wendy and I have looked forward to being with you today. In this company, Young served as a captain of ten.[8]. Mormons believe that Joseph Smith had a vision in 1820 in which he saw God and Jesus (first vision depicted in a sculpture above). Not circumstantial evidence. "I felt it was important to share. Tracklist: 01. The emigrants passed through Salt Lake City in early August, and headed south. He trudged around the United States and England to gain converts for Mormonism, spoke in spiritual tongues, married more than 50 women, and eventually transformed a barren desert into his vision of the Kingdom of God. He married single women and widows. President Brigham Young ordained his 11-year-old son John Willard Young as an apostle shortly after John received his temple endowment, though John never joined the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. According to lds.org, George A. Smith was deeply committed to the Church since his baptism in 1832. "In regard to emigrating trains arriving and passing through our settlements," he wrote in a letter designed to restore calm in Southern Utah, "We must not interfere with them." According to this story, they told him that all religions existing at the time were abominations. Smith sold Young a copy of the Book of Mormon and told him that it had been translated from ancient records by his brother Joseph Smith. The alleged rape came in the context of the bloody Mormon War of 1838, which saw the massacre of eighteen unsuspecting Mormon men and boys during an attack on a settlement by Missouri non-Mormons . [2] Shortly after their baptisms, Phineas Young and Joseph Young became ordained elders in the church began preaching as missionaries in New York and Upper Canada. Courtesy: Church History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Despite the fact that the leader of the Mormon Church is supposed to relay Gods will to mankind, though, Brigham Young espoused some terrifyingly racist ideals. [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. During the Mexican Revolution from 1910 to 1920, a few battles were fought in the Mexican towns just across the border from Arizonan border settlements. By the summer of 1877, Young's health was in decline, but he continued to play an active role in the Mormon church up until the end. According to the record, Alma the Younger was "a very wicked and an idolatrous man. https://www.history.com/topics/religion/brigham-young. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. "use strict";(function(){var insertion=document.getElementById("citation-access-date");var date=new Date().toLocaleDateString(undefined,{month:"long",day:"numeric",year:"numeric"});insertion.parentElement.replaceChild(document.createTextNode(date),insertion)})(); FACT CHECK: We strive for accuracy and fairness. Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. According to Mormon doctrines, prophets speak to God and communicate God's will to Mormons. Was not referring to his death, just the stabbing. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877.
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